Research Methods and Statistics in Psychology Quiz

Minimizes selection bias by randomly assigning participants to different experimental conditions.

Protects participants' rights by providing them with comprehensive information and obtaining their voluntary agreement.

Quantifies the degree and direction of linear association between two variables.

A measure of the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values; the square root of the variance.

Serves as a reference group to assess the impact of the experimental manipulation.

Graphical representation displaying the distribution of data over continuous intervals or bins.

Graphical representation depicting the relationship and pattern of association between two continuous variables.

Ethical practice ensuring participants understand and voluntarily agree to participate after being fully informed about the study.

Used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two independent groups.

A measure indicating the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis; lower values suggest stronger evidence.

An extraneous variable that may affect the study's outcome, leading to misinterpretation of results.

Investigates the combined effects of multiple independent variables on the dependent variable.

Protects participants by ensuring research adheres to ethical guidelines and standards.

Erroneously concluding there is an effect or difference when none exists in reality.

Reliability ensures consistent measurement, while validity assesses if the measurement accurately reflects the intended construct.

Used to control for psychological or physiological effects of simply receiving treatment, apart from the active ingredient.

Descriptive statistics describe and summarize data, while inferential statistics make predictions or inferences about populations.

Enables the examination of developmental changes or trends over an extended period.

Enhances the generalizability of research findings by providing each member of the population an equal chance of being included in the sample.

Evaluates the probability of detecting a true effect, minimizing the risk of Type II errors.

While correlation indicates a relationship between variables, causation implies that changes in one variable cause changes in another.

Assesses the reliability or consistency of a scale or questionnaire by measuring the interrelatedness of its items.

Determines if there are any statistically significant differences between the means of three or more independent groups.