#1
Which of the following is NOT a research method used in psychology?
Opinion poll
ExplanationNot a systematic investigation typically used in psychological research.
#2
What is the purpose of informed consent in psychological research?
To inform participants about the study's purpose, procedures, and risks
ExplanationEssential for respecting participants' autonomy and ensuring they understand the study.
#3
What is a confounding variable in experimental research?
A variable that affects both the independent and dependent variables
ExplanationCan obscure or distort the true relationship between variables being studied.
#4
Which of the following is a characteristic of a quasi-experimental design?
Lack of random assignment
ExplanationCannot randomly assign participants to conditions due to practical or ethical reasons.
#5
What is the purpose of inter-rater reliability in qualitative research?
To establish consistency among different coders
ExplanationEnsures agreement or consistency in coding or interpretation among multiple raters.
#6
What is the purpose of random assignment in experimental research?
To ensure all participants have equal chance to be in any experimental condition
ExplanationEnsures unbiased distribution of participants across experimental conditions.
#7
Which statistical test is used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups?
T-test
ExplanationSpecifically designed to compare means of two groups to assess statistical significance.
#8
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
To provide a baseline for comparison
ExplanationServes as a reference point for evaluating the effects of the independent variable.
#9
Which of the following is a characteristic of qualitative research?
Emphasizes rich descriptions and meanings
ExplanationFocuses on depth of understanding, capturing nuances and context.
#10
What is the purpose of a null hypothesis in hypothesis testing?
To assert there is no difference or no effect
ExplanationServes as a baseline assumption to be tested against an alternative hypothesis.
#11
Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?
Variance
ExplanationVariance measures the spread or dispersion of data, not its central tendency.
#12
Which of the following is a qualitative research method?
Interview
ExplanationA method focusing on gathering in-depth information through open-ended questions.
#13
What is the purpose of peer review in psychological research?
To provide constructive feedback and improve the quality of research
ExplanationCritical evaluation by peers ensures scientific rigor and credibility of research.
#14
What is the purpose of triangulation in research methodology?
To establish the reliability of research findings
ExplanationUsing multiple methods or data sources to corroborate findings, enhancing validity.
#15
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for establishing causality in research?
Correlation
ExplanationCorrelation indicates relationship, not necessarily causation, which requires additional evidence.
#16
What is the purpose of stratification in sampling?
To divide the population into homogeneous subgroups
ExplanationEnsures representation of various subgroups within the population for more accurate sampling.