#1
Which of the following is NOT a principle of research ethics?
Maleficence
ExplanationMaleficence is not a recognized principle of research ethics; the correct principles include beneficence, justice, and respect for persons.
#2
What is plagiarism in research?
Using someone else's ideas, words, or results without proper acknowledgement
ExplanationPlagiarism is the unethical act of using someone else's intellectual property without giving proper credit, such as using ideas, words, or results without acknowledgment.
#3
What does 'debriefing' entail in research involving human participants?
Providing participants with information about the study's purpose and procedures after their participation
ExplanationDebriefing involves informing participants about the study's objectives and procedures after their involvement, addressing any concerns and ensuring a transparent research process.
#4
What does the term 'informed consent' mean in research ethics?
Participants are informed about the purpose and procedures of the study
ExplanationInformed consent involves ensuring that participants have adequate information about the study's purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits before agreeing to participate.
#5
Which of the following is an example of research misconduct?
Improper data handling and analysis
ExplanationResearch misconduct includes actions like improper data handling and analysis, fabrication, falsification, and other unethical behaviors.
#6
What is the purpose of obtaining Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval in research?
To ensure that the research follows ethical guidelines and protects participants' rights
ExplanationIRB approval is necessary to ensure that research involving human participants adheres to ethical guidelines, safeguarding participants' rights and well-being.
#7
What is the purpose of a placebo in a research study?
To serve as a baseline for comparison against the treatment group
ExplanationPlacebos are used in research to create a control group, providing a baseline for comparison against the group receiving the actual treatment.
#8
What does 'conflict of interest' mean in research?
A situation in which personal or financial interests could compromise professional judgment
ExplanationConflict of interest arises when a researcher's personal or financial interests may compromise the integrity and objectivity of their research.
#9
What is the role of a Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) in a clinical trial?
To review and evaluate the ongoing safety of participants in a clinical trial
ExplanationDSMBs play a crucial role in clinical trials by monitoring participant safety and evaluating ongoing trial data to ensure ethical and safe conduct.
#10
What is the difference between a systematic review and a meta-analysis?
A systematic review synthesizes qualitative data, while a meta-analysis synthesizes quantitative data
ExplanationA systematic review gathers and synthesizes qualitative data, while a meta-analysis focuses on quantitative data, combining results from multiple studies to draw statistical conclusions.
#11
What is the purpose of obtaining a Certificate of Confidentiality in research involving sensitive information?
To provide additional protections against forced disclosure of identifiable research information
ExplanationA Certificate of Confidentiality safeguards identifiable research information, offering additional protection against forced disclosure, promoting participant trust and cooperation.