#1
Which of the following is NOT a psychophysiological disorder?
Rheumatoid arthritis
ExplanationPsychophysiological disorders involve psychological and physiological factors; rheumatoid arthritis is primarily physiological.
#2
What is the primary characteristic of psychophysiological disorders?
They involve both psychological and physiological factors.
ExplanationPsychophysiological disorders stem from the interaction between psychological and physiological aspects.
#3
What is the term for the physical and mental response to a perceived threat?
Fight or flight response
ExplanationFight or flight response is the body's instinctive reaction to a perceived threat.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a common treatment for stress-related conditions?
Electroconvulsive therapy
ExplanationElectroconvulsive therapy is not commonly used to treat stress-related conditions.
#5
What is the term for a psychological defense mechanism that involves attributing one's own negative qualities to others?
Projection
ExplanationProjection involves attributing one's undesirable qualities onto others as a defense mechanism.
#6
What is the term for the psychological process by which individuals cope with stressful events or circumstances?
Resilience
ExplanationResilience refers to the psychological ability to cope with and bounce back from stressful situations.
#7
Which of the following is NOT a symptom commonly associated with panic disorder?
Hypertension
ExplanationHypertension is not typically a symptom of panic disorder.
#8
Which of the following is a common symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Hypervigilance
ExplanationHypervigilance, or heightened alertness, is a common symptom of PTSD.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
Hallucinations
ExplanationHallucinations are not typically associated with generalized anxiety disorder.
#10
What is the term for the process of learning to associate a neutral stimulus with a conditioned response?
Classical conditioning
ExplanationClassical conditioning is the process of linking a neutral stimulus with a reflexive response.
#11
Which of the following neurotransmitters is often associated with the body's stress response?
Norepinephrine
ExplanationNorepinephrine is commonly linked to the body's stress response system.
#12
What is the term for the psychological process of returning to an earlier stage of development in response to stress?
Regression
ExplanationRegression involves reverting to an earlier stage of development due to stress.
#13
Which of the following is a potential long-term effect of chronic stress?
Increased susceptibility to infections
ExplanationChronic stress can weaken the immune system, making one more susceptible to infections.
#14
Which brain region is primarily responsible for initiating the body's stress response?
Hypothalamus
ExplanationThe hypothalamus plays a key role in initiating the body's stress response.
#15
What is the term for the psychological process of attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or impulses to another person?
Projection
ExplanationProjection involves attributing one's unacceptable thoughts or impulses to others.
#16
Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of chronic stress?
Improved immune function
ExplanationChronic stress typically weakens immune function rather than improving it.
#17
Which brain structure is involved in the regulation of emotional responses and the formation of memories?
Amygdala
ExplanationThe amygdala plays a key role in regulating emotions and forming memories.