#1
What is the capacity of short-term memory according to George A. Miller's research?
7 items (+/- 2)
ExplanationMiller's research suggests short-term memory can hold around 7 items, plus or minus 2.
#2
Which type of memory is responsible for storing information about events we have personally experienced?
Episodic memory
ExplanationEpisodic memory stores personal experiences and events.
#3
Which memory process involves getting information out of memory storage?
Retrieval
ExplanationRetrieval: Process of getting information out of memory storage.
#4
What is the term for the phenomenon where the first items in a list are more easily remembered than the middle items?
Primacy effect
ExplanationPrimacy effect: First items in a list are more easily remembered.
#5
Which type of memory involves unconscious memory for skills and procedures?
Procedural memory
ExplanationProcedural memory: Unconscious memory for skills and procedures.
#6
What is the term for the inability to recall information that was previously stored in memory?
Amnesia
ExplanationAmnesia: Inability to recall previously stored information.
#7
What is retrograde amnesia?
Loss of memory for events that occurred before the onset of amnesia
ExplanationRetrograde amnesia is the loss of memories before amnesia onset.
#8
Which neurotransmitter is closely associated with the formation of new memories?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationAcetylcholine is closely linked to the formation of new memories.
#9
What is the misinformation effect?
The distortion of memory by misleading post-event information
ExplanationMisinformation effect distorts memory with misleading post-event information.
#10
Which psychologist proposed the multi-store model of memory, distinguishing between sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory?
Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin
ExplanationAtkinson and Shiffrin proposed the multi-store model of memory.
#11
What is the term for the phenomenon where recalling an item from a list makes it easier to recall the other items?
Serial position effect
ExplanationSerial position effect: recalling one list item aids in recalling others.
#12
Which type of memory is often called 'working memory' and is responsible for temporarily holding information and manipulating it?
Short-term memory
ExplanationShort-term memory, or working memory, holds and manipulates information temporarily.
#13
What is the primary function of the hippocampus in memory processing?
Encoding and storing long-term memories
ExplanationHippocampus encodes and stores long-term memories.
#14
What is proactive interference?
When similar information learned previously interferes with the recall of new information
ExplanationProactive interference: prior learning interferes with recalling new information.
#15
Which brain structure plays a crucial role in emotional memory processing, especially fear conditioning?
Amygdala
ExplanationAmygdala plays a crucial role in emotional memory processing.
#16
What is source amnesia?
Inability to recall where one learned something
ExplanationSource amnesia: inability to recall where information was learned.
#17
Who proposed the theory of levels of processing, which suggests that the deeper the level at which information is processed, the more likely it is to be retained?
Craik and Lockhart
ExplanationCraik and Lockhart proposed levels of processing theory for better retention.
#18
Which part of the brain is primarily associated with spatial memory and navigation?
Hippocampus
ExplanationHippocampus is primarily associated with spatial memory and navigation.