Psychology of Learning and Behavior Quiz

Learning through association of stimuli.

B.F. Skinner introduced the theory of operant conditioning.

Learning through consequences, where behaviors are strengthened or weakened based on outcomes.

Edward Thorndike introduced the law of effect, which states that behaviors followed by favorable consequences are more likely to recur.

Latent learning is learning that becomes apparent only when there is an incentive to demonstrate it.

Albert Bandura proposed the theory of social learning, emphasizing the role of observational learning and cognitive processes.

Negative punishment involves removing a desirable stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior.

Ivan Pavlov proposed the theory of classical conditioning, demonstrating associative learning through conditioned reflexes.

B.F. Skinner developed the concept of the Skinner box, a controlled environment for studying behavior.

A reinforcer is a stimulus that strengthens a desired behavior when presented.

The neutral stimulus is paired with the unconditioned stimulus to evoke a conditioned response.

Learning through observation and imitation of others' behaviors.

A primary reinforcer is an innately satisfying stimulus.

Positive punishment involves adding an undesirable consequence to decrease the likelihood of a behavior.

Shaping involves reinforcing behaviors that are progressively closer to the desired behavior.

Generalization refers to the extension of a conditioned response to similar stimuli.

Positive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior.

The law of effect states that behaviors followed by favorable consequences are reinforced and more likely to be repeated.

Observational learning involves acquiring new behaviors by observing and imitating others' actions.

Negative reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus to strengthen a behavior.

Cognitive processes are essential in social learning theory for understanding, retaining, and reproducing behaviors.

Extinction occurs when a conditioned response fades away due to lack of reinforcement.

Spontaneous recovery is the sudden reappearance of a previously extinguished response after a delay.

Scaffolding involves breaking down complex tasks into simpler ones, providing guidance until mastery is achieved.

Shaping involves reinforcing behaviors that approximate the desired behavior, gradually leading to its acquisition.