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Psychological Theories of Emotion and Motivation Quiz

#1

What is the primary focus of the drive-reduction theory of motivation?

Homeostasis
Explanation

Motivation aims for internal equilibrium.

#2

Which theorist proposed the hierarchy of needs?

Abraham Maslow
Explanation

Maslow introduced a hierarchy of human needs.

#3

What is the term for the state of tension that motivates an organism to engage in activities that should reduce this tension?

Drive
Explanation

Drive is the motivating force to reduce tension.

#4

Which neurotransmitter is often associated with feelings of pleasure and reward, and plays a role in motivation?

Dopamine
Explanation

Dopamine is linked to pleasure, reward, and motivation.

#5

What is the term for the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events that we appraise as threatening or challenging?

Stress
Explanation

Stress involves perceiving and responding to threatening or challenging events.

#6

What is the term for a biological rhythm that occurs approximately every 24 hours?

Circadian rhythm
Explanation

A circadian rhythm is a 24-hour biological cycle.

#7

According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, what comes first?

Physiological arousal
Explanation

Emotion stems from bodily reactions to stimuli.

#8

Which theory suggests that emotions arise from our interpretations of our bodily reactions to stimuli?

James-Lange theory
Explanation

Emotions result from interpreting physiological reactions.

#9

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic emotions proposed by Paul Ekman?

Confusion
Explanation

Confusion is not a basic emotion according to Ekman.

#10

Who proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotion, which suggests that it's not the emotion itself but the interpretation of the situation that causes an emotional response?

Richard Lazarus
Explanation

Lazarus theorized emotions stem from situational interpretations.

#11

According to the facial feedback hypothesis, what happens when you smile?

You feel happier
Explanation

Smiling leads to a happier emotional state.

#12

Which theory of motivation suggests that individuals are motivated to achieve a sense of competence by mastering challenging tasks?

Achievement motivation theory
Explanation

Motivation is driven by achieving competence in challenging tasks.

#13

According to the opponent-process theory of emotion, what happens after the initial emotional response?

Secondary emotion occurs
Explanation

Secondary emotions follow initial emotional reactions.

#14

In the Yerkes-Dodson law, what relationship does arousal have with task performance?

U-shaped
Explanation

Task performance is optimal at a moderate level of arousal.

#15

According to the self-determination theory, what are the three innate psychological needs that drive human behavior?

Autonomy, competence, and relatedness
Explanation

Autonomy, competence, and relatedness drive human behavior.

#16

Which theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal and the experience of emotion occur simultaneously, yet independently?

Cannon-Bard theory
Explanation

Physiological arousal and emotion happen simultaneously but independently.

#17

According to the arousal theory of motivation, what is the optimal level of arousal for peak performance?

Moderate arousal
Explanation

Moderate arousal is optimal for peak performance.

#18

Which theory of emotion proposes that emotional experiences are based on the cognitive appraisal of a situation and the physiological response?

Schachter-Singer theory
Explanation

Emotional experiences depend on cognitive appraisal and physiological response.

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