#1
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of anxiety?
Decreased blood pressure
ExplanationAnxiety typically involves increased, not decreased, physiological arousal.
#2
What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)?
Identifying and changing negative thought patterns
ExplanationCBT aims to modify negative thought patterns to improve emotional well-being and behavior.
#3
Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is a key neurotransmitter linked to pleasure and reward circuits in the brain.
#4
What is a common symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Flashbacks
ExplanationFlashbacks, re-experiencing traumatic events, are a characteristic symptom of PTSD.
#5
What is the term for the psychological defense mechanism in which unacceptable thoughts or impulses are pushed back into the unconscious mind?
Repression
ExplanationRepression involves pushing unacceptable thoughts into the unconscious mind to avoid conscious awareness.
#6
Which of the following is a symptom of major depressive disorder?
Feelings of worthlessness
ExplanationFeelings of worthlessness are a common symptom of major depressive disorder.
#7
What is the primary purpose of exposure therapy?
To gradually expose individuals to feared stimuli
ExplanationExposure therapy aims to reduce anxiety by gradual confrontation with feared stimuli.
#8
Which therapeutic approach focuses on promoting mindfulness and acceptance of one's experiences?
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
ExplanationDBT emphasizes mindfulness and acceptance to enhance emotional regulation.
#9
In operant conditioning, what term refers to the process of weakening a behavior by removing a desired stimulus?
Negative punishment
ExplanationNegative punishment involves the removal of a desirable stimulus to decrease a behavior.
#10
What is the primary focus of psychodynamic therapy?
Promoting self-awareness and insight into unconscious conflicts
ExplanationPsychodynamic therapy aims to increase self-awareness and understanding of unconscious conflicts.
#11
Which type of therapy focuses on examining the role of unconscious processes and childhood experiences in shaping behavior and personality?
Psychodynamic therapy
ExplanationPsychodynamic therapy explores the impact of unconscious processes and childhood experiences on behavior and personality.
#12
Which area of the brain is primarily involved in decision-making and impulse control?
Prefrontal cortex
ExplanationThe prefrontal cortex plays a central role in decision-making and impulse control.