#1
Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is associated with pleasure and reward, playing a key role in motivation and reinforcement.
#2
In the context of stress, what is the term for the process of evaluating and coping with a stressful event?
Coping
ExplanationCoping refers to the process of evaluating and dealing with a stressful event or situation, involving both cognitive and behavioral strategies.
#3
According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, which stage occurs during adolescence and involves the search for personal identity?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
ExplanationDuring adolescence, individuals undergo the Identity vs. Role Confusion stage according to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, where they seek to establish a sense of personal identity.
#4
What is the primary goal of exposure therapy in treating anxiety disorders?
Gradual desensitization to feared stimuli
ExplanationThe primary goal of exposure therapy in treating anxiety disorders is to achieve gradual desensitization to feared stimuli, helping individuals confront and overcome their fears.
#5
What is the term for a psychological defense mechanism where unacceptable feelings or impulses are attributed to others rather than oneself?
Projection
ExplanationProjection is a psychological defense mechanism where unacceptable feelings or impulses are attributed to others rather than oneself, allowing individuals to avoid acknowledging their own undesirable traits or impulses.
#6
What is the term for a sudden, intense fear or discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes?
Panic attack
ExplanationA panic attack is a sudden episode of intense fear or discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes.
#7
Which psychological defense mechanism involves attributing one's undesirable traits or impulses to others?
Projection
ExplanationProjection involves attributing one's undesirable traits or impulses to others, avoiding acknowledgment of one's own weaknesses.
#8
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals are unable to recall important personal information, often related to a traumatic event?
Amnesia
ExplanationAmnesia refers to the inability to recall important personal information, often due to a traumatic event or injury.
#9
Which part of the brain is primarily associated with emotions and the formation of memories?
Hippocampus
ExplanationThe hippocampus is primarily associated with emotions and the formation of memories, playing a crucial role in learning and cognition.
#10
Which type of therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve mental health?
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
ExplanationCognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve mental health, emphasizing the connection between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
#11
What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals conform to the majority opinion, even if it goes against their own beliefs?
Conformity
ExplanationConformity is the psychological phenomenon where individuals adjust their beliefs or behaviors to align with the majority opinion, even if it contradicts their own beliefs.
#12
What is the term for the persistent, excessive, and unrealistic worry about everyday things?
Generalized anxiety disorder
ExplanationGeneralized anxiety disorder is characterized by persistent, excessive, and unrealistic worry about everyday things.
#13
Who developed the hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological development encompassing basic human needs?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow developed the hierarchy of needs, which outlines human motivation and the fulfillment of basic needs.
#14
What term describes the process by which the brain adapts to a repeated stimulus, leading to a reduced response over time?
Habituation
ExplanationHabituation is the process by which the brain adapts to a repeated stimulus, resulting in a decreased response over time.
#15
Which mental health disorder is characterized by extreme mood swings, including episodes of mania and depression?
Bipolar disorder
ExplanationBipolar disorder is characterized by extreme mood swings, including episodes of mania and depression.
#16
Which neurotransmitter is associated with regulating mood, sleep, and appetite?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin is associated with regulating mood, sleep, and appetite, playing a key role in emotional well-being and behavior.
#17
What is the term for the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information from memory?
Memory consolidation
ExplanationMemory consolidation is the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information from memory, involving the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory.