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Psychological Processes in Social Comparison Quiz

#1

Which psychological theory suggests that individuals evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others?

Social comparison theory
Explanation

Theory proposing self-evaluation through comparison with others.

#2

Who is considered the pioneer of social comparison theory?

Leon Festinger
Explanation

Leon Festinger is the pioneer of social comparison theory.

#3

What is the term used to describe the discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes?

Cognitive dissonance
Explanation

Discomfort from conflicting beliefs or attitudes.

#4

Which phenomenon describes the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working collectively on a task?

Social loafing
Explanation

Reduced effort in group tasks.

#5

Which term refers to the tendency to adjust one's behavior or opinions to match those of others in a group?

Social conformity
Explanation

Adapting behavior or opinions to group norms.

#6

What is the term used to describe the belief that one's own culture is superior to others?

Ethnocentrism
Explanation

Belief in superiority of one's own culture.

#7

In social comparison theory, what is the term used to describe comparing oneself to others who are worse off?

Downward social comparison
Explanation

Comparing oneself to less fortunate others.

#8

According to Festinger's social comparison theory, why do people engage in social comparison?

All of the above
Explanation

People engage for various reasons as mentioned in the theory.

#9

Which factor influences the direction and target of social comparison?

All of the above
Explanation

Multiple factors influence the direction and target of comparison.

#10

What term describes the tendency to compare oneself to others who are similar in relevant ways?

Social categorization
Explanation

Categorizing oneself with others for comparison.

#11

According to Festinger, which type of social comparison is more likely to occur when individuals lack objective standards for evaluating their opinions or abilities?

Horizontal social comparison
Explanation

Comparison with similar others when standards are absent.

#12

According to Festinger's theory, what role do comparisons with similar others play in shaping self-evaluations?

They lead to assimilation
Explanation

Similar others lead to assimilation in self-evaluations.

#13

What term refers to the tendency to compare oneself to others who are better off in order to improve one's self-evaluation?

Upward social comparison
Explanation

Comparing oneself to more successful others.

#14

Which theory suggests that people compare themselves to others to maintain a positive self-concept?

Self-esteem maintenance theory
Explanation

Theory proposing comparison for self-esteem.

#15

In what way does social comparison theory differ from social identity theory?

Focus on individual perceptions vs. group dynamics
Explanation

Social comparison focuses on individual evaluation, while social identity theory focuses on group dynamics.

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