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Psychological Phenomena and Behavioral Contradictions Quiz

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Which concept in psychology refers to the phenomenon where individuals exert less effort in a group setting compared to working individually?

Social loafing

Explanation

Exerting less effort in group settings compared to individual work.

What is the term for the cognitive bias where individuals with low ability at a task overestimate their ability, while those with high ability underestimate their own ability?

Dunning-Kruger effect

Explanation

Low-ability individuals overestimate, high-ability individuals underestimate their own ability.

What is the term for the psychological defense mechanism where unacceptable or unpleasant impulses are pushed back into the unconscious mind?

Repression

Explanation

Pushing unacceptable or unpleasant impulses into the unconscious.

What is the term for the cognitive bias where individuals make decisions based on the first information encountered, even if it is irrelevant?

Anchoring bias

Explanation

Making decisions based on irrelevant initial information.

What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals tend to see their own group as diverse, while perceiving other groups as more homogeneous?

Out-group homogeneity

Explanation

Seeing own group as diverse, other groups as homogeneous.

Which psychological phenomenon involves attributing one's own thoughts and feelings to others?

Projection

Explanation

Attributing one's own thoughts and feelings to others.

In behavioral psychology, what does the term 'operant conditioning' refer to?

Learning through consequences

Explanation

Learning through consequences.

What is the term for the unconscious distortion of memories to make them more consistent with current beliefs or attitudes?

Memory bias

Explanation

Unconscious distortion of memories to align with current beliefs.

Which psychological concept involves the tendency to believe that others are paying more attention to one's appearance and behavior than they actually are?

Spotlight effect

Explanation

Belief that others are paying more attention to one's appearance and behavior.

#10

Which term in psychology describes the tendency to remember information better when it is distributed over time rather than presented all at once?

Spacing effect

Explanation

Better retention of information when distributed over time.

#11

What is the phenomenon where individuals conform to the group's decisions or actions even if they disagree with them privately?

Normative social influence

Explanation

Conforming to group decisions/actions despite private disagreement.

#12

Which cognitive bias involves giving greater importance to the first information encountered when making decisions?

Primacy effect

Explanation

Giving greater importance to first information encountered.

#13

What is the term for the tendency to attribute positive events to one's own character but attribute negative events to external factors?

Self-serving bias

Explanation

Attributing positive events to oneself and negative events to external factors.

#14

In the context of decision-making, what is the term for the inclination to continue supporting a failing course of action due to the investments made in that direction?

Sunk cost fallacy

Explanation

Continuing support for a failing course of action due to prior investments.

#15

Which phenomenon in psychology involves the tendency to overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the influence of situations in explaining other people's behavior?

Actor-observer bias

Explanation

Overestimating personality, underestimating situational influence in explaining behavior.

#16

In psychology, what does the term 'cognitive dissonance' refer to?

The state of discomfort resulting from conflicting thoughts or beliefs

Explanation

Discomfort resulting from conflicting thoughts or beliefs.

#17

Which psychological phenomenon involves the tendency to perceive a relationship between variables even when none exists?

Illusory correlation

Explanation

Perceiving a relationship between variables when none exists.

Psychological Phenomena and Behavioral Contradictions Quiz

Which concept in psychology refers to the phenomenon where individuals exert less effort in a group setting compared to working individually?

What is the term for the cognitive bias where individuals with low ability at a task overestimate their ability, while those with high ability underestimate their own ability?

What is the term for the psychological defense mechanism where unacceptable or unpleasant impulses are pushed back into the unconscious mind?

What is the term for the cognitive bias where individuals make decisions based on the first information encountered, even if it is irrelevant?

What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals tend to see their own group as diverse, while perceiving other groups as more homogeneous?

Which psychological phenomenon involves attributing one's own thoughts and feelings to others?

In behavioral psychology, what does the term 'operant conditioning' refer to?

What is the term for the unconscious distortion of memories to make them more consistent with current beliefs or attitudes?

Which psychological concept involves the tendency to believe that others are paying more attention to one's appearance and behavior than they actually are?

Which term in psychology describes the tendency to remember information better when it is distributed over time rather than presented all at once?

What is the phenomenon where individuals conform to the group's decisions or actions even if they disagree with them privately?

Which cognitive bias involves giving greater importance to the first information encountered when making decisions?

What is the term for the tendency to attribute positive events to one's own character but attribute negative events to external factors?

In the context of decision-making, what is the term for the inclination to continue supporting a failing course of action due to the investments made in that direction?

Which phenomenon in psychology involves the tendency to overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the influence of situations in explaining other people's behavior?

In psychology, what does the term 'cognitive dissonance' refer to?

Which psychological phenomenon involves the tendency to perceive a relationship between variables even when none exists?

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