#1
Which of the following is a major theory in psychological development?
Behaviorism
ExplanationFocuses on observable behaviors and external stimuli as determinants of human behavior.
#2
What is the term for the stage in Erikson's theory where adults tend to focus on fostering the next generation or contributing to society?
Generativity vs. Stagnation
ExplanationInvolves finding purpose in guiding future generations or feeling stagnant.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to successful aging?
Social isolation
ExplanationLack of social connections and interactions.
#4
At what age does the 'midlife crisis' typically occur according to some psychological theories?
Late 40s to early 50s
ExplanationOccurs during a period of reassessment and questioning in middle adulthood.
#5
Which developmental psychologist proposed the theory of psychosocial development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationFocused on the interaction between social and psychological factors throughout life.
#6
According to Piaget's theory, during which stage do children develop object permanence?
Sensorimotor stage
ExplanationChildren learn that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.
#7
Which theory of aging suggests that aging is caused by the accumulation of damage to cells and tissues over time?
Biological aging theory
ExplanationFocuses on physiological changes as the primary cause of aging.
#8
According to Erikson's theory, what is the primary task of adolescence?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
ExplanationInvolves forming a coherent sense of self and identity.
#9
Which part of the brain is particularly affected by age-related cognitive decline?
Frontal lobe
ExplanationResponsible for executive functions such as decision-making and planning.
#10
Which of the following is NOT a stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
Exponential
ExplanationNot a recognized stage in Kohlberg's theory of moral development.
#11
What is the term for the cognitive decline that typically occurs with aging?
Dementia
ExplanationRefers to a decline in cognitive function affecting memory, thinking, and behavior.
#12
What is the term for the stage in Erikson's theory where individuals struggle with finding purpose and meaning in their lives?
Integrity vs. Despair
ExplanationOccurs in late adulthood and involves reflecting on life.
#13
What is the term for the phenomenon where older adults tend to remember positive memories more vividly than negative ones?
Reminiscence bump
ExplanationEnhanced recall of events from adolescence and early adulthood.
#14
What is the term for the psychological distress that some individuals experience when they realize their life is half over?
Quarter-life crisis
ExplanationFeelings of anxiety and uncertainty in early adulthood about one's direction in life.
#15
Which theory of aging emphasizes the role of social factors in shaping individuals' experiences and perceptions of aging?
Socioemotional aging theory
ExplanationFocuses on emotional aspects of aging and social relationships.