#1
Which theory of adult development suggests that individuals go through stages characterized by specific conflicts?
Psychosocial Development Theory
ExplanationTheory proposing stages of life with unique conflicts influencing development.
#2
According to Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, what is the primary conflict in the stage of 'Generativity vs. Stagnation'?
Generativity vs. Stagnation
ExplanationStruggle between contributing to society and feeling stagnant.
#3
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be satisfied before an individual can focus on higher-level needs like self-esteem and self-actualization?
Physiological needs
ExplanationBasic needs like food and shelter must be met first.
#4
What is the concept of 'ageism' in the context of adult development?
Discrimination or prejudice against individuals based on their age
ExplanationPrejudice or discrimination due to age.
#5
What is the concept of 'selective optimization with compensation' in the context of adult development?
A strategy for adapting to age-related changes by focusing on key activities
ExplanationFocusing on strengths to cope with aging.
#6
In the context of adult development, what does the term 'midlife crisis' typically refer to?
A period of emotional turmoil and self-doubt in mid-adulthood
ExplanationStage in midlife marked by self-doubt and reassessment.
#7
Which sociological perspective emphasizes the ways in which society and social institutions shape individuals' experiences and behavior?
Conflict Theory
ExplanationTheory focusing on societal influence on individual behavior.
#8
According to the social clock theory, what does it suggest about the timing of major life events?
Society sets expectations for the timing of major life events
ExplanationSocial norms dictate timing of significant life events.
#9
Which psychological concept refers to the process of adapting to new or different cultures, often experienced by adults in multicultural societies?
Acculturation
ExplanationAssimilating to a new culture's norms and values.
#10
According to the 'Big Five' personality traits, which trait is associated with being organized, responsible, and reliable?
Conscientiousness
ExplanationTrait characterized by organization and reliability.
#11
According to the 'empty nest syndrome,' what does the term refer to in the context of adult development?
A feeling of sadness and loss when children leave home
ExplanationEmotional response to children leaving home.
#12
According to the disengagement theory of aging, what is the expected relationship between older individuals and society?
Gradual withdrawal and decreased social activity in late adulthood
ExplanationOlder adults withdraw from societal roles.
#13
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary psychosocial crisis in the stage of 'Integrity vs. Despair' in late adulthood?
Integrity vs. Despair
ExplanationConflict between life satisfaction and regret.
#14
According to the 'socioemotional selectivity theory,' how does the perception of time influence social interactions in late adulthood?
Individuals prioritize emotionally meaningful relationships as they perceive time as limited
ExplanationPreference for meaningful relationships due to perceived time limitations.
#15
According to the concept of 'social convoy,' what does it represent in the social relationships of an individual?
A supportive network of individuals who accompany and support an individual throughout life
ExplanationNetwork of supportive relationships throughout life.