#1
What is the process of converting a gas into a liquid called?
Condensation
ExplanationGas turning into liquid upon cooling.
#2
What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
To increase the reaction rate
ExplanationSpeeds up chemical reactions without being consumed.
#3
Which type of solution has the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature?
Saturated solution
ExplanationSolution in equilibrium with undissolved solute.
#4
Which factor influences the rate of dissolution of a solute in a solvent?
Temperature
ExplanationHigher temperature increases solubility and dissolution rate.
#5
What is the common solvent in most solutions?
Water
ExplanationUniversal solvent for many substances.
#6
Which term describes a solution with a high concentration of solute relative to solvent?
Supersaturated solution
ExplanationSolution with excess solute beyond its normal saturation point.
#7
Which type of solution can conduct electricity?
Ionic solution
ExplanationSolution containing ions capable of carrying electric current.
#8
What is the molality of a solution?
The ratio of moles of solute to the mass of the solvent in kg
ExplanationMeasure of solute concentration relative to the mass of solvent.
#9
In a supersaturated solution, what happens if a seed crystal is added?
Solute precipitates out
ExplanationExcess solute crystallizes upon introduction of a seed crystal.
#10
Which law is applicable to the relationship between the concentration of a gas in a solution and the partial pressure of that gas above the solution?
Henry's Law
ExplanationLaw stating gas solubility is proportional to its partial pressure.
#11
What is the Tyndall effect related to in solutions?
Scattering of light
ExplanationLight scattering by colloidal particles in a solution.
#12
Which factor does NOT affect the solubility of a solute in a solvent?
Color of solute
ExplanationColor has no effect on solubility.
#13
Which of the following is a colligative property of a solution?
Boiling point elevation
ExplanationElevation of boiling point due to solute presence.
#14
What is azeotrope in the context of solutions?
A mixture with a constant boiling point composition
ExplanationMixture with constant composition that boils without changing concentration.
#15
What is the freezing point depression of a solution?
The decrease in freezing point due to solute presence
ExplanationLowering of freezing point due to solute addition.