#1
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the solubility of a solute in a solvent?
Color of the solute
ExplanationSolubility isn't influenced by the color of the solute.
#2
What is the term for the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature?
Saturation point
ExplanationIt's the maximum capacity of a solvent to dissolve solute.
#3
What is the term for a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute at a specific temperature and pressure?
Saturated solution
ExplanationIt's a solution with dissolved solute at its maximum capacity.
#4
Which of the following solvents is commonly considered a universal solvent?
Water
ExplanationWater is often called a universal solvent due to its ability to dissolve many substances.
#5
What is the term for a solution that has a concentration of solute lower than the saturation point at a given temperature?
Unsaturated solution
ExplanationIt's a solution with capacity for more solute dissolution.
#6
What is the term for a solution where the solvent is water?
Aqueous solution
ExplanationIt's a solution where water acts as the solvent.
#7
What does the term 'like dissolves like' mean in the context of solubility?
Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes, and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes
ExplanationIt signifies that substances with similar polarity dissolve each other.
#8
Which of the following substances is most likely to have low solubility in water?
Nonpolar covalent compound
ExplanationDue to its nonpolar nature, it's less likely to dissolve in water.
#9
Which of the following statements is true about the solubility of gases in liquids?
Solubility of gases increases with decreasing temperature
ExplanationAs temperature drops, gas solubility in liquids generally rises.
#10
How does the addition of a solute affect the boiling point of a solvent in a solution?
It increases the boiling point
ExplanationAdding a solute raises the boiling point of the solvent.
#11
What is the relationship between temperature and the solubility of most solid solutes in water?
Solubility increases with increasing temperature
ExplanationRising temperature generally increases the solubility of solids in water.
#12
How does the presence of impurities affect the freezing point of a solvent in a solution?
It increases the freezing point
ExplanationImpurities raise the freezing point of solvents in solutions.
#13
In the process of dissolution, what role does entropy play?
Entropy increases, favoring dissolution
ExplanationEntropy rise promotes dissolution, increasing disorder.
#14
What is the primary factor that influences gas solubility in liquids?
Pressure
ExplanationPressure directly affects the solubility of gases in liquids.
#15
What is the common unit for expressing solubility?
Moles per liter (mol/L)
ExplanationSolubility is commonly expressed in moles per liter.
#16
In the context of solubility, what does the term 'miscible' mean?
Two substances that form a homogeneous mixture
ExplanationMiscible substances blend uniformly to form a homogeneous mixture.
#17
How does the presence of a common ion affect the solubility of a salt in a solution?
It decreases the solubility
ExplanationCommon ions decrease the solubility of salts in solutions.
#18
Which factor is most important in determining whether a solution will be acidic or basic?
Presence of hydrogen ions (H+)
ExplanationHydrogen ion concentration primarily determines solution acidity.
#19
Which law states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid?
Henry's Law
ExplanationHenry's Law describes the relationship between gas pressure and solubility in liquids.
#20
What is the term for the process of a solute coming out of a solution and forming solid particles?
Precipitation
ExplanationIt's the formation of solid particles from a dissolved solute.