#1
What is the primary goal of reinforcement in behavior modification?
To increase the likelihood of desired behavior
ExplanationReinforcement aims to boost desired behaviors.
#2
According to behavior modification principles, what is the purpose of punishment?
To decrease the likelihood of a behavior
ExplanationPunishment aims to reduce the occurrence of undesired behaviors.
#3
In behavior modification, what is the term for the weakening and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response?
Extinction
ExplanationExtinction: decline and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response.
#4
In behavior modification, what does positive reinforcement involve?
Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase a behavior
ExplanationPositive reinforcement: adding rewards for desired actions.
#5
What is an example of negative reinforcement in behavior modification?
Taking away a privilege to decrease a behavior
ExplanationNegative reinforcement involves removing unpleasant consequences.
#6
In behavior modification, what is shaping?
Gradually strengthening a behavior by reinforcing successive approximations
ExplanationShaping involves rewarding closer approximations to the target behavior.
#7
Which of the following is an example of a conditioned reinforcer?
Praise
ExplanationConditioned reinforcer: previously neutral stimulus paired with a reinforcer.
#8
What is the term for the reappearance of a previously extinguished behavior?
Spontaneous Recovery
ExplanationSpontaneous recovery: return of extinguished behavior after a break.
#9
Which schedule of reinforcement involves reinforcing a behavior after a variable number of responses?
Variable Ratio
ExplanationVariable ratio reinforcement: unpredictable rewards for actions.
#10
What is the concept of extinction in behavior modification?
Decreasing the frequency of a behavior by removing reinforcement
ExplanationExtinction: diminishing behavior by withholding reinforcement.
#11
What is the Premack Principle in behavior modification?
Reinforcing a low-probability behavior with a high-probability behavior
ExplanationPremack Principle: rewarding less preferred activities with more preferred ones.
#12
In behavior modification, what is the purpose of a token economy?
Reinforcing behaviors with tokens that can be exchanged for rewards
ExplanationToken economy: using tokens as immediate rewards, exchangeable for larger rewards.
#13
What is the concept of operant conditioning in behavior modification?
Learning through the consequences of voluntary behaviors
ExplanationOperant conditioning: learning through consequences of actions.