#1
What is the law of demand in economics?
As price decreases, quantity demanded increases
ExplanationInverse relationship between price and quantity demanded.
#2
What is the law of supply in economics?
As price increases, quantity supplied increases
ExplanationDirect relationship between price and quantity supplied.
#3
In economics, what is consumer surplus?
The difference between the highest price a consumer is willing to pay and the price they actually pay
ExplanationBenefit consumers gain by paying less than their maximum willingness to pay.
#4
What is the law of diminishing marginal utility?
As more of a good is consumed, the additional satisfaction from consuming one more unit decreases
ExplanationDecline in satisfaction with each additional unit consumed.
#5
What is producer surplus in economics?
The difference between the lowest price a producer is willing to accept and the price they actually receive
ExplanationBenefit producers gain by receiving more than their minimum acceptable price.
#6
What is the formula for calculating total revenue?
Price x Quantity
ExplanationProduct of the price per unit and the quantity sold.
#7
What causes a shift in the demand curve?
Change in consumer preferences
ExplanationShifts occur due to factors beyond price.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a determinant of supply?
Consumer preferences
ExplanationNot a factor affecting supply levels.
#9
What is a price ceiling in economics?
A legally established maximum price for a good or service
ExplanationGovernment intervention setting upper price limits.
#10
Which of the following is a characteristic of a perfectly competitive market?
Many buyers and sellers with identical products
ExplanationLarge number of players offering undifferentiated goods.
#11
What is the price elasticity of demand formula?
Percentage change in price / Percentage change in quantity demanded
ExplanationMeasure of responsiveness of quantity demanded to price changes.
#12
What is a price floor in economics?
A legally established minimum price for a good or service
ExplanationGovernment intervention setting lower price limits.
#13
What happens to market equilibrium price and quantity when demand increases and supply decreases?
Price increases, quantity increases
ExplanationPrices rise due to increased demand, while quantity supplied falls.
#14
What is the income elasticity of demand formula?
Percentage change in quantity demanded / Percentage change in income
ExplanationMeasure of responsiveness of demand to changes in income.
#15
What is the cross-price elasticity of demand formula?
Percentage change in quantity demanded of one good / Percentage change in price of another good
ExplanationMeasure of how the quantity demanded of one good changes in response to a change in the price of another good.
#16
What is the formula for calculating elasticity of supply?
Percentage change in quantity supplied / Percentage change in price
ExplanationMeasure of how much the quantity supplied of a good responds to changes in price.