#1
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing human traits?
Agricultural practices
ExplanationAgricultural practices do not directly influence human traits.
#2
What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
To provide a baseline for comparison
ExplanationControl groups offer a reference point for comparison against experimental groups.
#3
Which of the following is an example of a categorical independent variable?
Gender
ExplanationGender is a categorical variable with distinct categories.
#4
Which of the following is an example of a continuous dependent variable?
Temperature
ExplanationTemperature is a continuous variable with an infinite range of values.
#5
What is the fundamental principle of experimental design?
Randomization
ExplanationRandomization ensures unbiased subject selection.
#6
Which statistical analysis technique is commonly used to analyze the effects of multiple factors on a response variable?
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
ExplanationANOVA is used to assess the impact of multiple factors on a response variable.
#7
In experimental design, what does 'replication' refer to?
Ensuring each treatment is applied to multiple subjects
ExplanationReplication ensures robustness by applying treatments to multiple subjects.
#8
What is a confounding variable in an experiment?
A variable that correlates with both the independent and dependent variables
ExplanationConfounding variables affect both the independent and dependent variables.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a potential source of bias in experimental research?
Randomization bias
ExplanationRandomization aims to eliminate biases, so 'Randomization bias' is not a potential source of bias.
#10
What is the purpose of blinding in experimental research?
To prevent researchers from knowing which subjects are in each group
ExplanationBlinding prevents researcher bias by withholding information on subjects' group assignments.
#11
What does 'randomization' mean in experimental design?
Selecting subjects without any pattern or bias
ExplanationRandomization involves unbiased subject selection.
#12
What is the main advantage of using a factorial design in an experiment?
It allows for the testing of multiple independent variables simultaneously
ExplanationFactorial designs enable simultaneous testing of multiple independent variables.
#13
What is a within-subjects design?
An experimental design where each subject experiences all levels of the independent variable
ExplanationIn within-subjects design, each subject undergoes all levels of the independent variable.
#14
Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of using a within-subjects design?
Increased risk of order effects
ExplanationWithin-subjects design poses a risk of order effects due to subjects experiencing all levels of the independent variable.
#15
What is a Latin square design in experimental research?
An experimental design that ensures balance across multiple factors
ExplanationLatin square design ensures balance across multiple factors by systematically varying treatments.
#16
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a completely randomized design?
It may not account for individual differences among subjects
ExplanationCompletely randomized designs may overlook individual differences among subjects, impacting generalizability.