#1
In classical conditioning, what is the unconditioned response?
The natural, unlearned response
ExplanationUnconditioned response is the automatic, unlearned reaction to a stimulus.
#2
What is a conditioned stimulus in classical conditioning?
An initially neutral stimulus that becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus
ExplanationA conditioned stimulus is initially neutral but gains significance through association with an unconditioned stimulus.
#3
What is the role of the neutral stimulus in classical conditioning?
To become associated with the unconditioned stimulus
ExplanationThe neutral stimulus gains significance by being linked with the unconditioned stimulus.
#4
What is the concept of second-order conditioning in classical conditioning?
The use of a conditioned stimulus to condition a new stimulus
ExplanationSecond-order conditioning entails using a conditioned stimulus to establish associations with a new stimulus.
#5
What is the concept of blocking in classical conditioning?
The inability of a new conditioned stimulus to become associated with an unconditioned stimulus
ExplanationBlocking occurs when a new conditioned stimulus fails to form associations with an unconditioned stimulus.
#6
Who is known for the famous experiment involving the Little Albert study in classical conditioning?
John Watson
ExplanationJohn Watson conducted the Little Albert experiment to demonstrate classical conditioning.
#7
What is extinction in classical conditioning?
The weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response
ExplanationExtinction is the gradual decline and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response.
#8
In classical conditioning, what is the purpose of the conditioned response?
To elicit an unconditioned response
ExplanationThe conditioned response is intended to evoke the unconditioned response.
#9
What is the concept of stimulus generalization in classical conditioning?
The tendency to respond to stimuli that resemble the conditioned stimulus
ExplanationStimulus generalization involves responding to stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus.
#10
Which of the following is an example of operant conditioning rather than classical conditioning?
Training a dog to sit using a clicker
ExplanationUsing a clicker to train a dog involves operant conditioning, not classical conditioning.
#11
In classical conditioning, what is spontaneous recovery?
The re-emergence of a conditioned response after a period of rest
ExplanationSpontaneous recovery is the reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of inactivity.
#12
What is higher-order conditioning in classical conditioning?
The use of a previously conditioned stimulus to condition a new stimulus
ExplanationHigher-order conditioning involves using an already conditioned stimulus to establish associations with a new stimulus.
#13
In classical conditioning, what is the role of the unconditioned stimulus?
To naturally elicit an unconditioned response
ExplanationThe unconditioned stimulus triggers an automatic, unlearned response.
#14
What is the significance of the Garcia effect in classical conditioning?
It highlights the role of biological predispositions in learning
ExplanationThe Garcia effect emphasizes the influence of innate biological factors in learning.
#15
In classical conditioning, what is the purpose of the acquisition phase?
To establish the association between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus
ExplanationThe acquisition phase aims to solidify the link between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus.