#1
Which of the following is a common physical change in middle adulthood?
Decreased muscle mass
ExplanationReduction in muscle tissue often occurs in middle age due to various factors such as hormonal changes and decreased physical activity.
#2
What term is used to describe the decline in reproductive capacity and the end of fertility in middle adulthood?
Menopause
ExplanationMenopause marks the cessation of menstruation and reproductive capability in women, typically occurring around the age of 50.
#3
Which hormone, often associated with stress response, tends to decrease in production during middle adulthood?
Cortisol
ExplanationCortisol levels tend to decrease with age, impacting various physiological functions including stress response.
#4
What is the term for the midlife transition where individuals reevaluate their life goals and make changes to achieve a more fulfilling existence?
Midlife crisis
ExplanationA midlife crisis refers to a period of self-reflection and reassessment often experienced in middle age, leading to significant life changes.
#5
Which chronic condition becomes more prevalent in middle adulthood, often due to lifestyle factors?
Type 2 diabetes
ExplanationType 2 diabetes becomes more prevalent in middle adulthood, largely due to factors such as sedentary lifestyle, poor dietary choices, and genetic predisposition.
#6
What is the term for the decline in the ability to hear high-pitched sounds, often experienced in middle adulthood?
Presbycusis
ExplanationPresbycusis refers to age-related hearing loss, particularly affecting the ability to hear high-frequency sounds.
#7
During middle adulthood, individuals may experience changes in sleep patterns. What is a common characteristic of sleep during this stage?
Decreased REM sleep
ExplanationMiddle adulthood is often associated with a reduction in REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, which is crucial for cognitive function and emotional regulation.
#8
What is sarcopenia?
Loss of muscle mass and strength
ExplanationSarcopenia refers to the age-related decline in muscle mass and strength, leading to decreased physical performance and increased frailty.
#9
Which of the following is a psychological change commonly associated with middle adulthood?
Improved memory recall
ExplanationMiddle adulthood often sees improvements in memory recall and cognitive abilities, attributed to accumulated life experiences and knowledge.
#10
In middle adulthood, there is often a shift in priorities from career and family to a focus on personal growth and self-fulfillment. What is this phenomenon known as?
Generativity versus stagnation
ExplanationGenerativity versus stagnation is a stage in Erikson's psychosocial development theory, where individuals seek to contribute to society and future generations.
#11
What is the term for the cognitive ability to integrate and analyze multiple aspects of a situation in middle adulthood?
Crystallized intelligence
ExplanationCrystallized intelligence refers to the accumulation of knowledge and skills over time, often increasing with age.
#12
Which of the following is a potential positive outcome of the midlife transition according to some psychological theories?
Deepened sense of generativity
ExplanationThe midlife transition can lead to a deepened sense of generativity, where individuals focus on contributing to society and guiding future generations.
#13
Which of the following is a metabolic change associated with middle adulthood?
Slower metabolism
ExplanationMetabolic rate tends to decrease in middle adulthood, leading to challenges in weight management and energy levels.