#1
What is the primary role of a diuretic in pharmacology?
Promote urine excretion
ExplanationIncrease urine output to reduce fluid volume and blood pressure.
#2
What is the main purpose of administering a laxative to a patient?
Promote bowel movements
ExplanationStimulate bowel movements to relieve constipation.
#3
What is the primary role of insulin in diabetes management?
Facilitate glucose uptake by cells
ExplanationEnables cells to absorb glucose, reducing blood sugar levels.
#4
What is the primary purpose of administering an anticoagulant to a patient?
Prevent blood clot formation
ExplanationReduces the risk of clotting, preventing strokes or heart attacks.
#5
What is the primary purpose of administering a vasoconstrictor in pharmacology?
Narrow blood vessels
ExplanationConstricts blood vessels, raising blood pressure or reducing bleeding.
#6
Which drug classification is commonly prescribed to treat bacterial infections?
Antibiotics
ExplanationMedications designed to inhibit the growth of or destroy bacteria.
#7
What is the mechanism of action of beta-blockers in cardiovascular pharmacology?
Block beta receptors
ExplanationThey bind to beta receptors, reducing heart rate and blood pressure.
#8
Which medication class is commonly used to alleviate pain and inflammation?
Analgesics
ExplanationMedications designed to relieve pain without inducing unconsciousness.
#9
What is the primary action of diuretics in the treatment of hypertension?
Reduce blood volume
ExplanationLower blood pressure by reducing fluid volume in the body.
#10
Which medication class is commonly prescribed for patients with hypertension and heart failure?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
ExplanationLowers blood pressure and reduces strain on the heart.
#11
What is the primary action of antiplatelet medications in preventing cardiovascular events?
Inhibit platelet aggregation
ExplanationPrevents clotting by stopping platelets from sticking together.
#12
In pharmacological nursing, what is the purpose of administering a bronchodilator to a patient with asthma?
Relax bronchial smooth muscles
ExplanationDilate airways, easing breathing difficulties in asthma.
#13
Which factor is essential for a nurse to monitor while caring for a patient receiving anticoagulant therapy?
Blood clotting time
ExplanationTo prevent bleeding or clotting disorders, clotting time must be monitored.
#14
In pharmacological nursing, what is the primary purpose of administering an antiemetic to a patient?
Prevent vomiting and nausea
ExplanationTo alleviate symptoms and prevent dehydration.
#15
Which parameter is crucial for a nurse to monitor in a patient receiving aminoglycoside antibiotics?
Renal function
ExplanationAminoglycosides can cause kidney damage, so renal function must be monitored.
#16
In pharmacological nursing, what is the primary purpose of administering a bronchodilator to a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Improve lung function
ExplanationExpand airways, making breathing easier for COPD patients.
#17
Which parameter should a nurse monitor closely when caring for a patient on long-term corticosteroid therapy?
Blood glucose levels
ExplanationCorticosteroids can increase blood sugar levels, leading to hyperglycemia.