#1
Which neurotransmitter is primarily targeted by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
Serotonin
ExplanationSSRIs work by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin in the synaptic cleft, increasing its concentration and improving mood.
#2
Which neurological disorder is typically treated with levodopa-carbidopa combination therapy?
Parkinson's disease
ExplanationLevodopa-carbidopa is used in Parkinson's disease to replenish dopamine levels and alleviate motor symptoms.
#3
Which class of medications is commonly prescribed for the long-term management of seizures?
Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs)
ExplanationAEDs help control seizures by stabilizing neuronal activity and preventing abnormal electrical discharges.
#4
What is the primary mechanism of action of selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)?
Inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake
ExplanationSNRIs block the reuptake of norepinephrine, enhancing its availability in the synapse and improving mood.
#5
Which neurotransmitter is primarily targeted by monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)?
Norepinephrine
ExplanationMAOIs increase norepinephrine levels by inhibiting its breakdown, contributing to their antidepressant effects.
#6
What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?
Enhancing GABA activity
ExplanationBenzodiazepines potentiate the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, leading to sedative and anxiolytic effects.
#7
Which medication is commonly used for the acute treatment of migraine headaches?
Sumatriptan
ExplanationSumatriptan, a serotonin receptor agonist, constricts blood vessels and reduces inflammation to relieve migraines.
#8
Which neurotransmitter is primarily targeted by tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?
Norepinephrine
ExplanationTCAs increase levels of norepinephrine and serotonin by blocking their reuptake, alleviating depressive symptoms.
#9
Which medication is commonly used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase?
Donepezil
ExplanationDonepezil increases acetylcholine levels by inhibiting its breakdown, improving cognitive function in Alzheimer's patients.
#10
Which medication is commonly used for the treatment of neuropathic pain by stabilizing neuronal membranes and reducing excitability?
Gabapentin
ExplanationGabapentin modulates calcium channels, reducing neuronal excitability and providing relief in neuropathic pain.
#11
Which of the following drugs is a NMDA receptor antagonist commonly used for chronic pain management?
Memantine
ExplanationMemantine blocks NMDA receptors, modulating glutamate activity and providing relief in chronic pain conditions.
#12
Which of the following drugs is a calcium channel blocker commonly used for the prophylaxis of migraines?
Verapamil
ExplanationVerapamil, a calcium channel blocker, prevents vasodilation and helps in the prevention of migraines.
#13
Which of the following drugs is a dopamine agonist commonly used for the treatment of restless legs syndrome and Parkinson's disease?
Pramipexole
ExplanationPramipexole stimulates dopamine receptors, alleviating symptoms of restless legs syndrome and Parkinson's disease.
#14
Which of the following drugs is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor commonly used for the treatment of myasthenia gravis?
Pyridostigmine
ExplanationPyridostigmine inhibits acetylcholinesterase, increasing acetylcholine levels and improving muscle function in myasthenia gravis.
#15
Which of the following drugs is a sodium channel blocker commonly used for the treatment of partial and generalized seizures?
Phenytoin
ExplanationPhenytoin blocks sodium channels, stabilizing neuronal membranes and preventing abnormal electrical activity in seizures.