Pharmacological Agents and Their Therapeutic Uses Quiz

Acetaminophen is a common antipyretic medication used to reduce fever by acting on the hypothalamus.

Respiratory depression is a common side effect of opioids, affecting the central respiratory centers in the brain.

Methylphenidate is commonly used to treat ADHD by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain.

Ipratropium is commonly used as a bronchodilator for acute asthma attacks, blocking cholinergic receptors.

Omeprazole is commonly used to treat peptic ulcers by inhibiting gastric acid secretion and promoting ulcer healing.

SSRIs primarily target serotonin, inhibiting its reuptake and increasing its availability in the synaptic cleft, contributing to mood regulation.

Beta-blockers work by antagonizing adrenergic receptors, particularly beta receptors, leading to decreased heart rate and blood pressure.

ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed for hypertension and heart failure, inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.

Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol synthesis and lowering blood cholesterol levels.

Clopidogrel is commonly used as an antiplatelet agent, preventing blood clot formation by inhibiting platelet activation.

Venlafaxine is an SNRI that primarily inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, impacting mood regulation.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) work by inhibiting the proton pump in gastric cells, reducing the secretion of gastric acid.

Artemether-lumefantrine is a first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria, acting against Plasmodium parasites.

Biguanides, like metformin, treat type 2 diabetes by decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity.

Etanercept is commonly used in rheumatoid arthritis, inhibiting TNF-alpha and reducing inflammation.

Naltrexone is used for opioid addiction by blocking opioid receptors, reducing the rewarding effects of opioids.

Lithium is commonly used as a first-line treatment for acute mania in bipolar disorder, stabilizing mood and preventing manic episodes.