#1
Who is considered the father of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationFounding figure in the development of psychoanalytic theory.
#2
Which perspective in psychology emphasizes free will and individual choice?
Humanistic perspective
ExplanationFocuses on individual growth and potential.
#3
Which theorist is associated with the concept of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
ExplanationDeveloped principles of behaviorism focusing on reinforcement.
#4
Which perspective in psychology focuses on the role of genetics and biological processes in behavior?
Biological perspective
ExplanationExamines the influence of biological factors on behavior.
#5
Who developed the theory of classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
ExplanationDemonstrated associative learning through conditioning.
#6
Which psychological perspective focuses on the importance of individuals' subjective experiences?
Humanistic perspective
ExplanationValues subjective experiences and personal growth.
#7
Who is known for proposing the theory of psychosexual development?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationExplored stages of personality development related to sexuality.
#8
Which psychological perspective emphasizes the importance of fulfilling one's potential and self-actualization?
Humanistic perspective
ExplanationFocuses on realizing one's full potential and growth.
#9
Which psychological perspective focuses on how mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving work?
Cognitive perspective
ExplanationAnalyzes mental processes involved in cognition.
#10
Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences in shaping personality?
Psychodynamic perspective
ExplanationViews personality as influenced by unconscious forces and early experiences.
#11
According to the sociocultural perspective, behavior is influenced by:
Social and cultural factors
ExplanationRecognizes the impact of societal and cultural contexts on behavior.
#12
Which psychological perspective focuses on how individuals perceive, process, and retrieve information?
Cognitive perspective
ExplanationStudies mental processes such as perception and memory.
#13
What is the main focus of the psychodynamic perspective in psychology?
Unconscious conflicts and motivations
ExplanationHighlights the role of unconscious processes in shaping behavior.
#14
Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationIntroduced the concept of varied forms of intelligence.
#15
What does the biopsychosocial approach consider when explaining human behavior?
Interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors
ExplanationIntegrates biological, psychological, and social influences on behavior.
#16
Which psychologist is known for his experiment on obedience to authority?
Stanley Milgram
ExplanationConducted controversial experiments on obedience.
#17
What does the term 'schema' refer to in cognitive psychology?
A mental framework for organizing information
ExplanationCognitive structure for processing and organizing knowledge.
#18
What is the main focus of positive psychology?
Studying happiness and well-being
ExplanationPromotes the study of positive aspects of human experience.
#19
Which perspective in psychology focuses on the ways people learn through observing others?
Social learning perspective
ExplanationStudies learning through observation and imitation.
#20
Who developed the concept of the collective unconscious?
Carl Jung
ExplanationProposed a shared reservoir of memories and experiences.
#21
Who is known for his theory of moral development, which includes stages such as preconventional, conventional, and postconventional?
Lawrence Kohlberg
ExplanationStudied moral reasoning and development.
#22
Who is known for developing the theory of attachment, which describes the strong emotional bond between infants and their caregivers?
John Bowlby
ExplanationStudied the importance of early attachments in development.
#23
What is the main focus of the social-cognitive perspective in psychology?
The interaction between cognition, behavior, and the environment
ExplanationExamines how cognitive processes influence behavior within social contexts.
#24
Who proposed the theory of self-efficacy, which emphasizes the belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish tasks?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationStudied the role of self-beliefs in motivation and behavior.
#25
Who developed the hierarchy of needs theory?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationProposed a theory of human motivation based on hierarchical needs.