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Personality Development and Social Behavior Quiz

#1

Which of the following is not a factor that influences personality development?

Income level
Explanation

Income level is not a significant factor in personality development; it's influenced by genetics, environment, and experiences.

#2

What is the term for the process by which individuals maintain or modify their behavior to fit in with the group?

Conformity
Explanation

Conformity is the process of adjusting behavior to fit in with the group.

#3

According to Erik Erikson, what is the developmental crisis faced during adolescence?

Identity vs. role confusion
Explanation

During adolescence, individuals face the developmental crisis of identity vs. role confusion, as per Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory.

#4

Who proposed the Social Learning Theory, emphasizing the importance of observational learning and modeling in personality development?

Albert Bandura
Explanation

Albert Bandura proposed the Social Learning Theory, highlighting the role of observational learning and modeling in personality development.

#5

Who is associated with the concept of 'self-concept'?

Carl Rogers
Explanation

Carl Rogers is associated with the concept of 'self-concept,' emphasizing the individual's perception of themselves.

#6

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need must be met first before an individual can move on to fulfilling higher-level needs?

Physiological needs
Explanation

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs must be met first before individuals can pursue higher-level needs like safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.

#7

What does the 'Big Five' personality traits theory assess?

Personality dimensions
Explanation

The 'Big Five' personality traits theory assesses five major dimensions: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

#8

In social psychology, what is conformity?

Acting in accordance with group norms
Explanation

Conformity in social psychology refers to individuals acting in accordance with group norms, even if it contradicts their personal beliefs.

#9

What is the term used to describe the process by which individuals evaluate their abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others?

Social comparison
Explanation

Social comparison is the process where individuals evaluate themselves by comparing their abilities and opinions to others.

#10

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an extroverted personality?

Reserved
Explanation

Being reserved is not a characteristic of an extroverted personality; extroverts are typically outgoing and sociable.

#11

Which of the following is not a component of emotional intelligence (EI)?

Logical reasoning
Explanation

Logical reasoning is not a component of emotional intelligence (EI); EI includes self-awareness, empathy, and social skills.

#12

What is the term for the psychological discomfort experienced when one's thoughts or behaviors are inconsistent with one's attitudes or beliefs?

Cognitive dissonance
Explanation

Cognitive dissonance is the psychological discomfort from inconsistency between thoughts/behaviors and attitudes/beliefs.

#13

What is the term for the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors?

False consensus effect
Explanation

False consensus effect is the tendency to overestimate the commonality of one's beliefs and behaviors in others.

#14

What is the term for attributing one's own undesirable traits to others?

Projection
Explanation

Projection is the psychological mechanism of attributing one's own undesirable traits or emotions to others.

#15

Which theory in psychology suggests that individuals strive to achieve self-actualization?

Humanistic theory
Explanation

Humanistic theory suggests that individuals strive for self-actualization, fulfilling their potential and achieving personal growth.

#16

What does the 'Halo Effect' refer to in social psychology?

Tendency to judge someone based on a single trait
Explanation

The 'Halo Effect' is the tendency to judge someone based on a single positive trait, influencing overall perception.

#17

What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and failures to external factors?

Self-serving bias
Explanation

Self-serving bias is the tendency to attribute successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.

#18

What does the 'Pygmalion Effect' refer to in social psychology?

Tendency to fulfill high expectations placed on us
Explanation

The 'Pygmalion Effect' is the tendency to perform better when higher expectations are placed on an individual.

#19

Which of the following is not one of the stages in Freud's psychosexual development theory?

Oedipal
Explanation

The Oedipal stage is not one of the stages in Freud's psychosexual development theory; it includes oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital stages.

#20

Who proposed the theory of 'reciprocal determinism,' which suggests that personality is influenced by a continuous interaction among cognitive processes, behavior, and environmental factors?

Albert Bandura
Explanation

Albert Bandura proposed the theory of 'reciprocal determinism,' highlighting the continuous interaction of cognitive processes, behavior, and environmental factors in shaping personality.

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