#1
What is the first step in the process of behavior change?
Precontemplation
ExplanationInitial stage where individuals are unaware or uninterested in changing their behavior.
#2
What is the concept of 'locus of control' in the context of personal development?
The extent to which individuals believe they can control events in their lives.
ExplanationPerception of control over life events.
#3
Which psychological theory proposes that individuals have an innate drive to fulfill their potential and achieve self-actualization?
Humanistic Theory
ExplanationTheory emphasizing human potential and self-fulfillment.
#4
Which theorist is known for proposing the concept of self-determination theory, emphasizing intrinsic motivation and the fulfillment of psychological needs?
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan
ExplanationResearchers who developed the theory of self-determination.
#5
What is the term for the cognitive bias where individuals tend to favor information that confirms their existing beliefs or values?
Confirmation bias
ExplanationTendency to seek or interpret information confirming preconceptions.
#6
Which psychological theory emphasizes the role of self-efficacy in behavior change?
Social Cognitive Theory
ExplanationTheory proposing that behavior change is influenced by self-belief in the ability to succeed.
#7
What does the SMART criteria stand for in goal setting?
Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound
ExplanationGuidelines for setting effective goals in personal development.
#8
Which of the following is a characteristic of a growth mindset?
Embracing learning and persistence
ExplanationBelief in the ability to develop skills through effort and learning.
#9
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's successes to personal factors and one's failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationTendency to credit oneself for success and blame external factors for failure.
#10
What is the term for the cognitive distortion where an individual views situations in extreme and absolute terms, without recognizing middle ground?
All-or-nothing thinking
ExplanationTendency to see situations as black or white, with no gray areas.
#11
Which concept in positive psychology refers to an individual's ability to bounce back from adversity and develop resilience?
Posttraumatic growth
ExplanationPositive psychological change following adversity.
#12
Which of the following is NOT a stage in the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change?
Reflection
ExplanationA fictitious stage not included in the recognized model.
#13
In the context of behavior change, what is the term for the belief in one's ability to execute a specific behavior successfully?
Self-efficacy
ExplanationConfidence in successfully performing a particular behavior.
#14
Which psychological theory suggests that people are motivated by the desire to fulfill their basic needs and move toward self-actualization?
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
ExplanationHierarchy of human needs driving motivation and behavior.
#15
What is the term for the ability to understand and manage your own emotions and the emotions of others?
Emotional intelligence
ExplanationCapacity to recognize, understand, and manage emotions in oneself and others.
#16
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals adjust their behavior to align with social norms and expectations?
Conformity
ExplanationAdapting behavior to fit social norms and expectations.
#17
According to the Theory of Planned Behavior, what are the three main factors influencing an individual's intention to perform a behavior?
Attitude, Social norms, Perceived behavior control
ExplanationFactors shaping an individual's behavioral intentions.