#1
Which of the following is an example of a prosocial behavior in peer relationships?
Sharing toys
ExplanationSharing toys demonstrates a positive, helpful behavior that contributes to positive peer interactions.
#2
What is the term used to describe the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person?
Empathy
ExplanationEmpathy involves understanding and sharing the emotions of others, fostering emotional connection.
#3
Which developmental stage is typically characterized by the emergence of peer relationships?
Early childhood
ExplanationPeer relationships typically begin to emerge during early childhood as children engage more with their peers.
#4
Which of the following is a potential benefit of having positive peer relationships in childhood?
Improved emotional regulation
ExplanationPositive peer relationships contribute to improved emotional regulation, fostering a supportive social environment.
#5
What is the term used to describe a group of peers who share similar interests, values, and behaviors?
Social clique
ExplanationA social clique refers to a group of peers with common interests, values, and behaviors, forming a social subgroup.
#6
Which type of play involves unstructured, spontaneous activities without adult direction?
Free play
ExplanationFree play is unstructured and spontaneous play that occurs without adult direction, fostering creativity and social interaction.
#7
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of healthy peer relationships in childhood?
Competition
ExplanationHealthy peer relationships focus on cooperation and support rather than unnecessary competition.
#8
What term describes the phenomenon where individuals are influenced by the behavior of their peers?
Peer pressure
ExplanationPeer pressure refers to the impact of peer behavior on an individual's choices and actions.
#9
What is one potential consequence of experiencing peer rejection in childhood?
Poor academic performance
ExplanationPeer rejection can negatively impact a child's academic performance and overall well-being.
#10
Which factor is NOT associated with the formation of peer relationships in childhood?
Parental income
ExplanationParental income is not a direct factor influencing the formation of peer relationships in childhood.
#11
What is the term used to describe the tendency of children to prefer playing with others of the same gender?
Gender segregation
ExplanationGender segregation refers to the preference of children to play with peers of the same gender, influencing social dynamics.
#12
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences peer acceptance in childhood?
Parental occupation
ExplanationParental occupation is not a direct factor influencing peer acceptance in childhood.
#13
Which psychological theory emphasizes the importance of social interactions and relationships in childhood development?
Attachment theory
ExplanationAttachment theory highlights the crucial role of early relationships in shaping a child's social and emotional development.
#14
In the context of peer relationships, what does the term 'reciprocity' refer to?
Mutual exchange
ExplanationReciprocity in peer relationships involves a mutual exchange of behaviors, support, or interactions.
#15
According to social identity theory, what role do peer groups play in childhood development?
They shape identity through social categorization
ExplanationPeer groups play a crucial role in shaping a child's identity through social categorization, influencing self-perception.
#16
Which developmental psychologist is known for his theory of psychosocial development, including the stage of 'industry vs. inferiority' related to peer relationships?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson is known for his psychosocial development theory, emphasizing the 'industry vs. inferiority' stage, which relates to peer relationships and competence.
#17
Which theory suggests that peer relationships serve as a training ground for the development of interpersonal skills?
Social learning theory
ExplanationSocial learning theory suggests that peer relationships act as a training ground, shaping interpersonal skills and behaviors.
#18
What term describes the tendency of children to conform to the behaviors and attitudes of their same-sex peers?
Gender role conformity
ExplanationGender role conformity refers to the tendency of children to conform to the behaviors and attitudes of their same-sex peers, influencing gender-related behaviors.