#1
Which vaccine is routinely administered to newborns to prevent Hepatitis B?
Hepatitis B vaccine
ExplanationPrevents Hepatitis B infection in newborns.
#2
What is the recommended position for a pediatric patient experiencing respiratory distress?
Semi-Fowler's position
ExplanationOptimal position to ease breathing in respiratory distress.
#3
Which developmental milestone typically occurs first in infants?
Rolling over
ExplanationEarly motor skill achievement in infant development.
#4
Which of the following vital signs changes should be reported immediately in a pediatric patient?
Temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F)
ExplanationSignificant fever warranting prompt attention in a child.
#5
What is the most common cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants?
Surfactant deficiency
ExplanationSurfactant shortage leading to respiratory difficulties in preterm babies.
#6
Which of the following is a common symptom of Kawasaki disease?
Strawberry tongue
ExplanationCharacteristic tongue appearance in Kawasaki disease.
#7
What is the recommended site for intramuscular injection in infants?
Vastus lateralis muscle
ExplanationOptimal muscle site for administering intramuscular injections in infants.
#8
What is the primary treatment for a child diagnosed with acute otitis media?
Antibiotics
ExplanationAntibiotics as the primary intervention for acute otitis media.
#9
Which assessment finding is indicative of possible intussusception in an infant?
Sausage-shaped mass in the abdomen
ExplanationAbdominal mass appearance suggesting intussusception.
#10
Which of the following is a characteristic sign of Down syndrome in a newborn?
Low-set ears
ExplanationCommon physical feature indicating Down syndrome in newborns.
#11
Which immunization is typically administered at birth to prevent neonatal tetanus?
BCG vaccine
ExplanationBirth immunization for preventing neonatal tetanus.
#12
What is a common nursing intervention for a child with bronchiolitis?
Providing humidified oxygen
ExplanationHumidified oxygen delivery for bronchiolitis management.
#13
Which of the following is a symptom of meningitis in infants and young children?
Nuchal rigidity
ExplanationIndicator of meningitis in young children.
#14
What is the primary intervention for a child experiencing a febrile seizure?
Ensuring a clear airway
ExplanationCritical step in managing a febrile seizure in children.
#15
What is the primary nursing intervention for a child with suspected epiglottitis?
Administering antibiotics immediately
ExplanationImmediate antibiotic administration for suspected epiglottitis.
#16
Which of the following is a potential complication of chickenpox in children?
Encephalitis
ExplanationSerious complication associated with chickenpox in children.
#17
What is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients?
Rotavirus
ExplanationPrimary cause of acute gastroenteritis in pediatric population.
#18
What is the appropriate nursing action when caring for a child with suspected pertussis?
Administering antibiotics
ExplanationImmediate administration of antibiotics in suspected pertussis cases.
#19
Which of the following is a sign of increased intracranial pressure in infants?
Bulging fontanelle
ExplanationIndication of elevated intracranial pressure in infants.
#20
What is the recommended fluid replacement therapy for a child with moderate dehydration?
Oral rehydration solution (ORS)
ExplanationPreferred fluid replacement method for moderate dehydration in children.
#21
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a pediatric patient with suspected dehydration?
Assessing capillary refill time
ExplanationEvaluating capillary refill time to assess dehydration status.
#22
Which of the following conditions is associated with the formation of a 'thumb sign' on lateral neck X-ray?
Epiglottitis
ExplanationDistinctive X-ray sign indicating epiglottitis.
#23
What is the appropriate action if a child exhibits signs of respiratory distress and stridor?
Prepare for emergency intubation
ExplanationImmediate action for respiratory distress with stridor.
#24
Which of the following statements is true regarding administering medication to pediatric patients?
Oral medications are preferred over intramuscular injections in children.
ExplanationPreference for oral medication administration in children.
#25
Which of the following is a key feature of Kawasaki disease?
Coronary artery aneurysms
ExplanationProminent cardiovascular complication in Kawasaki disease.