#1
What is the primary function of an operating system?
To manage hardware resources and provide services for application software
ExplanationManages hardware and provides services for applications.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a type of operating system?
Peripheral Operating System
ExplanationPeripheral OS is not a type of operating system.
#3
What is a process in the context of operating systems?
A program in execution
ExplanationA program actively running.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a scheduling algorithm used in operating systems?
Stack Allocation
ExplanationStack Allocation is not a scheduling algorithm.
#5
What is the purpose of a file system in an operating system?
To manage and organize data stored on storage devices
ExplanationManages and organizes data on storage devices.
#6
What is a shell in the context of operating systems?
A user interface for accessing operating system services
ExplanationUser interface for accessing OS services.
#7
What is the role of the bootloader in the boot process of an operating system?
To load the operating system kernel into memory
ExplanationLoads OS kernel into memory during boot.
#8
What is virtual memory?
A memory management technique that enables a computer to compensate for physical memory shortages
ExplanationCompensates for physical memory shortages through a technique.
#9
What is the purpose of a device driver in an operating system?
To enable communication between the operating system and hardware devices
ExplanationEnables communication between OS and hardware devices.
#10
What is a system call?
A request made by an application to the operating system's kernel
ExplanationApplication's request to the OS kernel.
#11
What is deadlock in operating systems?
A situation where two or more processes are waiting indefinitely for an event that can only be caused by one of the waiting processes
ExplanationProcesses waiting indefinitely for an event caused by one of them.
#12
What is the role of a supervisor mode in an operating system?
To execute privileged instructions and access restricted resources
ExplanationExecutes privileged instructions and accesses restricted resources.
#13
What is the difference between fragmentation and defragmentation?
Fragmentation is the process of dividing files into smaller pieces, while defragmentation is the process of combining those pieces into contiguous blocks
ExplanationFragmentation vs. defragmentation in file organization.
#14
What is the difference between a mutex and a semaphore?
A mutex is a binary semaphore, while a semaphore can have multiple states
ExplanationMutex vs. semaphore with multiple states.
#15
What is the difference between multiprogramming and multitasking?
Multiprogramming involves executing multiple programs concurrently on a single processor, while multitasking involves executing multiple tasks concurrently on a single computer
ExplanationMultiprogramming vs. multitasking on a processor or computer.
#16
What is a kernel in an operating system?
The central part of the operating system that manages hardware resources
ExplanationCentral part managing hardware resources.
#17
What is real-time operating system (RTOS)?
An operating system designed to guarantee a certain response time for specific computing tasks or processes
ExplanationOS guaranteeing response time for specific tasks.
#18
What is a context switch in an operating system?
The process of saving and restoring the state of a process or thread
ExplanationSaving and restoring the state of a process or thread.
#19
What is the purpose of the command-line interface (CLI) in an operating system?
To execute commands and interact with the operating system
ExplanationExecutes commands and interacts with the OS through CLI.