#1
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of hepatic cirrhosis?
Jaundice
Hypertension
Hyperglycemia
Hyperkalemia
#2
What is the primary cause of hepatic cirrhosis?
Viral infection
Alcohol abuse
Obesity
Genetic predisposition
#3
Which symptom is characteristic of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis?
Hypertension
Bradycardia
Confusion
Hypoglycemia
#4
What is a potential complication of hepatic cirrhosis related to portal hypertension?
Hypovolemia
Esophageal varices
Respiratory alkalosis
Hypernatremia
#5
Which assessment finding indicates hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with cirrhosis?
Decreased serum ammonia levels
Increased serum bilirubin levels
Slurred speech and asterixis
Elevated serum albumin levels
#6
Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate for a patient with hepatic cirrhosis experiencing ascites?
Encourage high sodium intake
Administer diuretics as ordered
Restrict fluid intake
Encourage bed rest
#7
What dietary modification is typically recommended for patients with hepatic cirrhosis?
High protein intake
High sodium intake
Low-fat diet
High-carbohydrate diet
#8
Which medication is commonly administered to reduce ammonia levels in patients with hepatic encephalopathy?
Lactulose
Insulin
Digoxin
Epinephrine
#9
What is the rationale for administering lactulose in patients with hepatic encephalopathy?
To increase ammonia production
To decrease ammonia absorption
To increase ammonia metabolism
To decrease ammonia excretion
#10
What is the primary nursing goal for a patient with hepatic cirrhosis experiencing ascites?
Promote fluid restriction
Maintain skin integrity
Reduce abdominal pain
Prevent respiratory distress
#11
Which laboratory test result would a nurse expect to see in a patient with hepatic cirrhosis?
Elevated serum albumin
Decreased platelet count
Decreased prothrombin time
Decreased bilirubin levels
#12
Which nursing action is appropriate for a patient with hepatic cirrhosis experiencing bleeding esophageal varices?
Administer vitamin K
Elevate the head of the bed
Encourage coughing
Administer intravenous fluids rapidly
#13
Which nursing intervention is essential for a patient with hepatic cirrhosis to prevent bleeding complications?
Encourage use of NSAIDs
Avoid intramuscular injections
Administer vitamin K subcutaneously
Monitor for signs of hypercoagulation
#14
Which nursing intervention is essential to prevent fluid volume overload in a patient with hepatic cirrhosis?
Administering intravenous fluids liberally
Encouraging high-sodium diet
Monitoring daily weights and abdominal girth
Encouraging prolonged bed rest
#15
Which nursing action is appropriate for a patient with hepatic cirrhosis at risk for hepatic encephalopathy?
Encourage high-protein diet
Monitor serum ammonia levels
Administer sedatives regularly
Promote frequent ambulation