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Nursing Care Across Diverse Medical Conditions Quiz

#1

Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a patient with a fever?

Encouraging increased fluid intake
Explanation

Fluid intake helps manage fever by preventing dehydration.

#2

Which medication is commonly used to treat hypothyroidism?

Levothyroxine
Explanation

Levothyroxine replaces deficient thyroid hormone in hypothyroidism.

#3

Which of the following is a common symptom of a myocardial infarction (heart attack)?

Chest pain or discomfort
Explanation

Chest pain or discomfort is a hallmark symptom of a heart attack.

#4

What is the primary purpose of a nasogastric tube (NG tube) in medical care?

To decompress the stomach
Explanation

NG tubes remove gas and fluids from the stomach, aiding decompression.

#5

Which of the following is a common symptom of hypoglycemia?

Diaphoresis
Explanation

Hypoglycemia can cause sweating or diaphoresis as a compensatory response.

#6

What is the primary goal of pain management in nursing care?

To reduce pain to a tolerable level
Explanation

The goal of pain management is to alleviate suffering by reducing pain to a manageable level.

#7

Which of the following is a common symptom of dehydration?

Decreased skin turgor
Explanation

Dehydration leads to decreased skin turgor due to reduced skin elasticity.

#8

A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed oxygen therapy. What should the nurse monitor for in this patient?

Increased respiratory rate
Explanation

Oxygen therapy can lead to hypoventilation, necessitating monitoring of respiratory rate.

#9

A patient with end-stage renal disease is scheduled for hemodialysis. What nursing action is essential before the procedure?

Assessing for signs of fluid overload
Explanation

Fluid overload can worsen during hemodialysis, requiring assessment and management.

#10

What is the primary purpose of an incentive spirometer?

To prevent atelectasis
Explanation

Incentive spirometry helps expand lungs, preventing atelectasis after surgery.

#11

Which of the following is a common side effect of opioid analgesics?

Respiratory depression
Explanation

Opioids can suppress breathing, leading to respiratory depression.

#12

A patient with heart failure is prescribed a loop diuretic. What electrolyte imbalance should the nurse monitor for in this patient?

Hypokalemia
Explanation

Loop diuretics can cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia.

#13

Which of the following is a common complication of immobility in hospitalized patients?

Increased risk of falls
Explanation

Immobility can lead to muscle weakness and imbalance, increasing fall risk.

#14

A patient with a history of stroke is prescribed clopidogrel. What is the therapeutic effect of this medication?

Platelet inhibition
Explanation

Clopidogrel inhibits platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of blood clots.

#15

Which of the following is a potential complication of diabetes mellitus?

Peripheral neuropathy
Explanation

Diabetes can lead to nerve damage, causing peripheral neuropathy.

#16

Which of the following is a characteristic of Parkinson's disease?

Bradykinesia
Explanation

Parkinson's disease often presents with bradykinesia, or slow movement.

#17

What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing anaphylaxis?

Administering epinephrine
Explanation

Epinephrine is crucial for reversing severe allergic reactions in anaphylaxis.

#18

Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the airways and bronchoconstriction, leading to wheezing and dyspnea?

Asthma
Explanation

Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction, causing wheezing and dyspnea.

#19

What is the priority nursing action for a patient experiencing a hypertensive crisis?

Lowering blood pressure gradually
Explanation

Gradual blood pressure reduction prevents complications like cerebral ischemia in hypertensive crisis.

#20

What is the primary nursing intervention for a patient with septic shock?

Administering vasopressors
Explanation

Vasopressors help increase blood pressure and maintain organ perfusion in septic shock.

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