#1
Which nucleic acid carries genetic information in cells?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
ExplanationDNA carries genetic information in cells.
#2
In DNA, which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine?
Thymine
ExplanationThymine pairs with adenine in DNA.
#3
Which of the following is a purine base found in nucleic acids?
Adenine
ExplanationAdenine is a purine base found in nucleic acids.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?
Sulfur atom
ExplanationSulfur atom is not a component of a nucleotide.
#5
In RNA, which base pairs with adenine?
Uracil
ExplanationUracil pairs with adenine in RNA.
#6
Which of the following is a pyrimidine base found in DNA?
Thymine
ExplanationThymine is a pyrimidine base found in DNA.
#7
What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together in a double helix?
Hydrogen bond
ExplanationHydrogen bonds hold the two strands of DNA together.
#8
In RNA, which nucleotide base is complementary to guanine?
Cytosine
ExplanationCytosine is complementary to guanine in RNA.
#9
Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template?
RNA polymerase
ExplanationRNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from a DNA template.
#10
What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
It carries amino acids to the ribosome.
ExplanationtRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
#11
How many hydrogen bonds are there between adenine and thymine in DNA?
Two
ExplanationThere are two hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine in DNA.
#12
What is the primary function of DNA ligase in DNA replication?
To join Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand
ExplanationDNA ligase joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during DNA replication.
#13
Which statement accurately describes the structure of RNA compared to DNA?
RNA is single-stranded with ribose sugar, while DNA is double-stranded with deoxyribose sugar.
ExplanationRNA is single-stranded with ribose sugar, while DNA is double-stranded with deoxyribose sugar.
#14
Which of the following best describes the central dogma of molecular biology?
DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.
ExplanationThe central dogma of molecular biology states that DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is then translated into protein.
#15
Which of the following statements about the genetic code is correct?
The genetic code is non-overlapping and universal.
ExplanationThe genetic code is non-overlapping and universal.
#16
Which of the following statements about DNA replication is true?
Primase synthesizes RNA primers on the lagging strand.
ExplanationPrimase synthesizes RNA primers on the lagging strand during DNA replication.
#17
What is the significance of the genetic code being degenerate?
It allows for multiple codons to code for the same amino acid, providing redundancy.
ExplanationThe degeneracy of the genetic code allows for multiple codons to code for the same amino acid, providing redundancy.
#18
Which of the following is a post-transcriptional modification of mRNA in eukaryotes?
All of the above
ExplanationAll of the above are post-transcriptional modifications of mRNA in eukaryotes.