#1
Which of the following is a clinical use of nitroglycerin?
Treatment of angina pectoris
ExplanationRelieves chest pain by increasing blood flow to the heart.
#2
What is the primary pharmacological effect of nitroglycerin?
Vasodilation
ExplanationExpands blood vessels, reducing cardiac workload and oxygen demand.
#3
What is the typical route of administration for nitroglycerin in the treatment of angina?
Oral
ExplanationCommonly taken by mouth for long-term angina control.
#4
Which of the following is a common side effect of nitroglycerin use?
Peripheral edema
ExplanationMay cause swelling in the extremities.
#5
What is the recommended storage condition for nitroglycerin tablets?
Room temperature
ExplanationStore at a moderate temperature to maintain effectiveness.
#6
Which enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of nitroglycerin in the body?
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
ExplanationConverts nitroglycerin to an active form for vasodilation.
#7
What is the mechanism of action of nitroglycerin in the treatment of angina?
Decreases preload and afterload
ExplanationReduces heart workload by relaxing blood vessels.
#8
Which of the following is a contraindication for nitroglycerin use?
Glaucoma
ExplanationAvoid in patients with increased eye pressure.
#9
What is the onset of action for sublingual nitroglycerin in the treatment of acute angina attacks?
Immediate
ExplanationProvides rapid relief when placed under the tongue.
#10
What is the main pharmacokinetic characteristic of nitroglycerin?
Rapid metabolism
ExplanationQuickly broken down in the liver for short-lasting effects.
#11
Which class of drugs is commonly used as an alternative to nitroglycerin in patients intolerant to nitrates?
Calcium channel blockers
ExplanationCan be substituted for nitroglycerin in certain cases.
#12
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of nitroglycerin therapy?
Hypotension
ExplanationMay cause low blood pressure, leading to dizziness.
#13
Which of the following drugs can interact with nitroglycerin to cause severe hypotension?
Calcium channel blockers
ExplanationCombined use may lead to dangerously low blood pressure.
#14
Which of the following is a potential indication for long-term nitroglycerin therapy?
Stable angina
ExplanationUsed to prevent recurrent chest pain in chronic conditions.
#15
What is the primary adverse effect associated with excessive use of nitroglycerin?
Tolerance
ExplanationDiminished response to the medication over time.
#16
Which of the following conditions is a relative contraindication for nitroglycerin use?
Bradycardia
ExplanationUse with caution in patients with slow heart rate.
#17
What is the primary mechanism of nitroglycerin-induced headache?
Vasodilation of meningeal arteries
ExplanationEnlargement of blood vessels in the brain causing pain.