#1
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with mood regulation and pleasure?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is a neurotransmitter linked to mood regulation and pleasure in the brain.
#2
In neuroimaging studies, what does the acronym fMRI stand for?
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
ExplanationfMRI stands for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in neuroimaging studies.
#3
Which ethical guideline requires researchers to debrief participants after the completion of a study?
Debriefing
ExplanationDebriefing is the ethical guideline requiring researchers to inform participants after completing a study.
#4
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with the fight-or-flight response and stress?
Norepinephrine
ExplanationNorepinephrine is often associated with the fight-or-flight response and stress in the nervous system.
#5
What is the primary role of the hypothalamus in the brain?
Maintaining homeostasis and regulating hormones
ExplanationThe hypothalamus's primary role is maintaining homeostasis and regulating hormones in the brain.
#6
What is the primary function of the myelin sheath in neurons?
To speed up the transmission of nerve impulses
ExplanationThe myelin sheath accelerates the transmission of nerve impulses along neurons.
#7
In psychological research, what does the term 'informed consent' refer to?
Participants voluntarily agreeing to participate with full understanding
ExplanationInformed consent involves participants agreeing to join research with complete understanding and voluntary consent.
#8
What is the purpose of the blood-brain barrier in the central nervous system?
To protect the brain from harmful substances
ExplanationThe blood-brain barrier shields the brain from harmful substances.
#9
Which research design involves observing and recording behavior in its natural environment without interference or manipulation?
Naturalistic observation
ExplanationNaturalistic observation entails observing behavior in its natural environment without interference or manipulation.
#10
What is the term for the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life?
Neuroplasticity
ExplanationNeuroplasticity refers to the brain's ability to reorganize by forming new neural connections throughout life.
#11
Which part of the brain is primarily associated with the regulation of emotions, including fear and pleasure?
Amygdala
ExplanationThe amygdala is primarily associated with regulating emotions, including fear and pleasure, in the brain.
#12
Which ethical principle emphasizes the need to minimize harm and prioritize the well-being of participants in research studies?
Beneficence
ExplanationBeneficence underscores minimizing harm and prioritizing participants' well-being in research studies.
#13
What is the placebo effect in the context of psychological research?
An improvement in symptoms due to the belief in receiving a treatment, even if it is inactive
ExplanationThe placebo effect is symptom improvement due to the belief in receiving treatment, even if it's inactive.
#14
What is the purpose of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) in psychological research?
To review and approve research proposals before conducting studies
ExplanationThe IRB reviews and approves research proposals before study initiation in psychological research.
#15
In the context of psychological experiments, what is a confounding variable?
A variable that can interfere with the interpretation of results
ExplanationA confounding variable interferes with the interpretation of results in psychological experiments.
#16
What does the term 'double-blind' mean in experimental research?
Both the researcher and the participants are unaware of the experimental conditions
ExplanationIn experimental research, 'double-blind' means both the researcher and participants are unaware of the experimental conditions.
#17
In psychology, what does the term 'cognitive dissonance' refer to?
The discomfort arising from holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes
ExplanationCognitive dissonance refers to discomfort from holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes in psychology.