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Neurological and Physiological Processes in the Human Body Quiz

#1

Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating basic autonomic functions such as heartbeat and breathing?

Medulla oblongata
Explanation

Regulates basic autonomic functions.

#2

Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with pleasure and reward?

Dopamine
Explanation

Associated with pleasure and reward.

#3

Which gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' because it controls the functions of other endocrine glands?

Pituitary gland
Explanation

Controls other endocrine glands.

#4

Which part of the brain is responsible for the coordination of muscle movements and balance?

Cerebellum
Explanation

Responsible for coordination of muscle movements and balance.

#5

What is the primary function of the occipital lobe in the brain?

Visual processing
Explanation

Primary function is visual processing.

#6

What is the main function of the somatosensory cortex?

Interpreting touch sensations
Explanation

Interprets touch sensations.

#7

What is the name of the fatty substance that insulates nerve fibers and facilitates faster transmission of electrical signals?

Myelin
Explanation

Insulates nerve fibers for faster signal transmission.

#8

What is the role of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the central nervous system?

Cushioning the brain and spinal cord
Explanation

Provides cushioning for brain and spinal cord.

#9

Which neurotransmitter is associated with sleep regulation and mood?

Serotonin
Explanation

Associated with sleep regulation and mood.

#10

What is the primary function of the hippocampus in the brain?

Storing long-term memories
Explanation

Primary function is storing long-term memories.

#11

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for higher cognitive functions such as problem-solving and decision-making?

Prefrontal cortex
Explanation

Responsible for higher cognitive functions.

#12

What is the term for the process by which a nerve impulse jumps from one node of Ranvier to another along a myelinated axon?

Saltatory conduction
Explanation

Nerve impulse jumping along myelinated axon.

#13

What is the term for the process of converting sensory information into a form that the brain can understand?

Sensory transduction
Explanation

Converting sensory information for brain understanding.

#14

What is the term for the phenomenon where repeated exposure to a stimulus leads to a decrease in response?

Habituation
Explanation

Decrease in response due to repeated exposure.

#15

What is the term for the phenomenon where a single neuron receives input from multiple other neurons?

Neuronal integration
Explanation

Single neuron receiving input from multiple neurons.

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