#1
Which motivational theory suggests that individuals are motivated by a hierarchy of needs?
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
ExplanationHierarchy of needs theory proposing motivation driven by fulfilling fundamental human needs.
#2
In the context of reinforcement theory, what is positive reinforcement?
Adding a stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior
ExplanationPositive reinforcement involves adding a stimulus to enhance the likelihood of a behavior.
#3
What is the primary focus of the Drive Reduction Theory in motivation?
Seeking pleasure and avoiding pain
ExplanationDrive Reduction Theory centers on the motivation to seek pleasure and avoid pain.
#4
What is the central idea of the Incentive Theory of motivation?
Motivation is driven by external rewards
ExplanationIncentive Theory suggests motivation is driven by external rewards.
#5
According to the Self-Determination Theory, what are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior?
Autonomy, Mastery, Purpose
ExplanationSelf-Determination Theory identifies autonomy, mastery, and purpose as key drivers of human behavior.
#6
Which motivational theory focuses on the relationship between individuals' inputs and outputs compared to others in the workplace?
Equity theory
ExplanationEquity theory examines motivation in relation to fairness and equity in input-output ratios.
#7
According to Victor Vroom, what is the key element in the Expectancy Theory of motivation?
Perceived effort-performance linkage
ExplanationExpectancy Theory highlights the importance of perceived links between effort and performance.
#8
What does the acronym SMART stand for in the context of goal-setting?
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound
ExplanationSMART stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound, guiding effective goal-setting.
#9
According to Alderfer's ERG Theory, what are the three core needs that motivate human behavior?
Esteem, Relatedness, Competence
ExplanationERG Theory identifies three core needs: Esteem, Relatedness, and Competence, driving human behavior.
#10
According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which factors are considered hygiene factors?
Salary and Job Security
ExplanationHygiene factors in Herzberg's theory include salary and job security, influencing job satisfaction.
#11
What is the primary focus of the Goal-Setting Theory in motivation?
Setting challenging goals
ExplanationGoal-Setting Theory emphasizes motivation through setting challenging and specific goals.
#12
Who proposed the Cognitive Evaluation Theory, suggesting that extrinsic rewards can undermine intrinsic motivation?
Edward Deci
ExplanationCognitive Evaluation Theory by Edward Deci explores the impact of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation.
#13
Who developed the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) to explain individual differences in motivation and emotion?
Jeffrey Gray
ExplanationReinforcement Sensitivity Theory by Jeffrey Gray explains individual differences in motivation and emotion.
#14
Who proposed the Theory of Planned Behavior, emphasizing the role of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control in predicting behavior?
Icek Ajzen
ExplanationTheory of Planned Behavior by Icek Ajzen emphasizes attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control in predicting behavior.