#1
Which of the following is a key factor for intrinsic motivation in sports?
Personal enjoyment and satisfaction
ExplanationIntrinsic motivation is driven by internal factors such as personal enjoyment and satisfaction.
#2
Which type of motivation involves engaging in an activity because of external rewards or pressures?
Extrinsic motivation
ExplanationExtrinsic motivation is driven by external factors such as rewards or pressures.
#3
Which type of motivation is characterized by the pursuit of activities for the inherent enjoyment and satisfaction they provide?
Intrinsic motivation
ExplanationIntrinsic motivation involves engaging in activities for their inherent enjoyment and satisfaction rather than for external rewards.
#4
According to self-determination theory, which of the following is not a basic psychological need?
Extraversion
ExplanationSelf-determination theory posits three basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness; extraversion is a personality trait, not a psychological need.
#5
What term refers to the tendency to exert effort toward mastering tasks and reaching goals?
Achievement motivation
ExplanationAchievement motivation involves the desire to excel and succeed in tasks and goals.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing motivation in sports?
Political affiliation
ExplanationPolitical affiliation is not typically considered a factor influencing motivation in sports.
#7
What theory suggests that individuals compare their abilities to those of others in order to evaluate their own competence?
Social comparison theory
ExplanationSocial comparison theory proposes that individuals assess their abilities by comparing themselves to others.
#8
Which psychological theory emphasizes the importance of self-determined behavior?
Self-determination theory
ExplanationSelf-determination theory highlights the significance of self-determined behavior in motivation and well-being.
#9
According to goal-setting theory, which of the following enhances performance?
Specific and challenging goals
ExplanationGoal-setting theory suggests that setting specific and challenging goals leads to improved performance.
#10
Which of the following is a characteristic of flow, as described by Csikszentmihalyi?
Feeling of control
ExplanationFlow is characterized by a state of complete absorption and involvement in an activity, often accompanied by a feeling of control.
#11
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals perform better in the presence of others than when alone?
Social facilitation
ExplanationSocial facilitation refers to improved performance in the presence of others.
#12
According to the arousal-performance relationship, which of the following statements is true?
Optimal performance occurs at moderate arousal levels.
ExplanationThe arousal-performance relationship suggests that performance peaks at moderate levels of arousal, with both low and high arousal levels impairing performance.
#13
Which theory suggests that individuals are motivated to maintain a balance of cognitive elements?
Balance theory
ExplanationBalance theory proposes that individuals strive to maintain consistency and balance in their cognitive beliefs and attitudes.