#1
Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of major depressive disorder?
Persistent sadness
ExplanationA common and enduring mood state in major depression.
#2
Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with depression?
Serotonin
ExplanationLinked to mood regulation; low levels associated with depression.
#3
Which of the following is a symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
Excessive worrying
ExplanationPersistent and excessive anxiety and worry.
#4
What is a key feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Flashbacks and nightmares
ExplanationIntrusive memories and re-experiencing of traumatic events.
#5
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with schizophrenia?
Dopamine
ExplanationOveractivity of dopamine pathways linked to psychotic symptoms.
#6
What is a characteristic feature of bipolar disorder?
Alternating episodes of depression and mania
ExplanationDistinct periods of elevated and depressed mood.
#7
Which of the following is NOT a type of mood disorder?
Schizophrenia
ExplanationSchizophrenia is a psychotic disorder, not a mood disorder.
#8
What is the primary characteristic of borderline personality disorder (BPD)?
Unstable relationships and emotions
ExplanationInstability in mood, behavior, and relationships.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
Impulsivity
ExplanationOCD involves intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors, not impulsivity.
#10
Which of the following is NOT a mood stabilizer commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder?
Benzodiazepines
ExplanationBenzodiazepines are primarily used for anxiety, not bipolar disorder.
#11
What is the term for a mood disorder characterized by alternating periods of hypomania and depression?
Cyclothymic disorder
ExplanationA milder form of bipolar disorder with frequent mood swings.
#12
What is a common feature of dissociative identity disorder (DID)?
Memory loss
ExplanationPresence of multiple distinct identities or personality states.
#13
Which of the following is a common comorbidity with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
Autism spectrum disorder
ExplanationOften co-occur due to shared genetic and neurological factors.
#14
Which of the following is a common cognitive distortion associated with depression?
All-or-nothing thinking
ExplanationTendency to see situations in extremes, either all good or all bad.
#15
Which of the following is NOT a feature of narcissistic personality disorder?
Excessive self-doubt
ExplanationNarcissistic individuals often have an inflated sense of self-worth.