#1
Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
Electron
ExplanationElectrons carry a negative charge.
#2
Which element has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹?
Sodium (Na)
ExplanationSodium (Na) has the given electron configuration.
#3
Which of the following elements is a noble gas?
Helium (He)
ExplanationHelium (He) is a noble gas.
#4
What is the term for the region in an atom where an electron is likely to be found?
Orbital
ExplanationAn orbital is the region where an electron is likely to be found.
#5
Which element has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹?
Iron (Fe)
ExplanationIron (Fe) has the given electron configuration.
#6
What is the shape of a p orbital?
Dumbbell
ExplanationA p orbital has a dumbbell shape.
#7
What is the term for the arrangement of electrons in an atom's orbitals?
Electron Configuration
ExplanationElectron Configuration refers to the arrangement of electrons.
#8
Which element has the electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹ 4p²?
Sulfur (S)
ExplanationSulfur (S) has the given electron configuration.
#9
Who proposed the modern atomic theory?
John Dalton
ExplanationJohn Dalton proposed the modern atomic theory.
#10
What is the shape of an orbital with magnetic quantum number (ml) equal to 0?
Spherical
ExplanationAn orbital with ml=0 has a spherical shape.
#11
Which scientist proposed the wave-particle duality of electrons?
Louis de Broglie
ExplanationLouis de Broglie proposed wave-particle duality.
#12
What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from an atom?
Ionization Energy
ExplanationIonization Energy is the energy needed to remove an electron.
#13
What is the quantum number that describes the orientation of an orbital in space?
Magnetic Quantum Number (ml)
ExplanationThe Magnetic Quantum Number (ml) describes orbital orientation.
#14
What is the term for the process where an atom gains an electron?
Electron Affinity
ExplanationElectron Affinity is the process of gaining an electron.
#15
What is the term for the minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from the outermost shell of an atom?
Ionization Energy
ExplanationIonization Energy is the minimum energy to remove an outer electron.
#16
Which principle states that electrons fill orbitals of the lowest energy levels first?
Aufbau Principle
ExplanationThe Aufbau Principle states electrons fill lowest energy orbitals first.
#17
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an f sublevel?
14
ExplanationThe maximum number of electrons in an f sublevel is 14.
#18
In which subshell are the 3d electrons found?
n=3, l=2
Explanation3d electrons are found in the n=3, l=2 subshell.
#19
What is the term for the phenomenon where two electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins?
Pauli Exclusion Principle
ExplanationPauli Exclusion Principle dictates electrons in same orbital have opposite spins.
#20
Who developed the mathematical model of the atom using wave functions and probabilities?
Erwin Schrödinger
ExplanationErwin Schrödinger developed the mathematical model using wave functions.
#21
What is the term for the phenomenon where electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy level before pairing up?
Hund's Rule
ExplanationHund's Rule describes electron occupation of orbitals.
#22
Which scientist proposed the concept of quantized energy levels in an atom?
Niels Bohr
ExplanationNiels Bohr proposed quantized energy levels.
#23
In the Pauli Exclusion Principle, what does the spin quantum number (ms) represent?
Direction of electron spin
ExplanationThe spin quantum number represents electron spin direction.
#24
Who developed the Bohr model of the atom, which proposed quantized electron orbits?
Niels Bohr
ExplanationNiels Bohr developed the Bohr model proposing quantized orbits.
#25
In which subshell are the 4f electrons found?
n=4, l=4
Explanation4f electrons are found in the n=4, l=4 subshell.