#1
Which of the following best defines memory retrieval?
The process of recalling stored information from memory
ExplanationRecalling stored information from memory.
#2
What is cue-dependent learning?
Learning that involves the use of hints or cues to aid memory retrieval
ExplanationLearning aided by hints or cues for memory retrieval.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences memory retrieval?
Encoding process
ExplanationEncoding process is not a factor influencing memory retrieval.
#4
Which of the following is an example of a retrieval cue?
A familiar smell triggering a memory
ExplanationA familiar smell triggering a memory is a retrieval cue.
#5
What is the term for the tendency to better remember information that is consistent with one's current mood or emotional state?
State-dependent memory
ExplanationBetter memory recall when consistent with current mood or emotional state.
#6
What is context-dependent memory?
Memory retrieval that is influenced by the external environment or context in which encoding took place
ExplanationMemory retrieval influenced by the external context during encoding.
#7
Which neurotransmitter is heavily involved in memory retrieval processes?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationAcetylcholine is heavily involved in memory retrieval processes.
#8
What is the term for the phenomenon where the recall of past events becomes distorted by misleading information?
Memory reconstruction
ExplanationRecall distortion due to misleading information is memory reconstruction.
#9
In the context of memory retrieval, what is the 'tip-of-the-tongue' phenomenon?
A situation where a person feels that a memory is available but cannot retrieve it momentarily
Explanation'Tip-of-the-tongue' is the feeling of an available but momentarily unretrievable memory.
#10
Which brain region is particularly crucial for the retrieval of episodic memories?
Hippocampus
ExplanationHippocampus is crucial for episodic memory retrieval.
#11
What is the term for the phenomenon where prior exposure to a stimulus facilitates subsequent learning and memory performance?
Perceptual fluency
ExplanationPrior stimulus exposure aiding subsequent learning and memory is perceptual fluency.
#12
What is the term for the phenomenon where retrieval of information is more successful when individuals are tested in the same environment where they learned the material?
Encoding specificity
ExplanationSuccess in retrieval when tested in the same environment as learning is encoding specificity.
#13
What is the term for the phenomenon where the retrieval of a particular memory is improved when a person is in the same physiological or psychological state as during encoding?
State-dependent memory
ExplanationImproved retrieval when in the same state as during encoding is state-dependent memory.