#1
Which of the following best defines the sensory memory?
It stores information for a brief duration and allows for perception.
ExplanationSensory memory briefly holds information allowing perception.
#2
What is a characteristic feature of short-term memory?
Information is stored temporarily and can be lost within seconds.
ExplanationShort-term memory temporarily stores information, often lost within seconds.
#3
Which model of memory suggests that information flows through a series of storage systems, including sensory, short-term, and long-term memory?
Information Processing Model
ExplanationInformation Processing Model suggests sequential flow through sensory, short-term, and long-term memory.
#4
What is the capacity limit of short-term memory, according to George A. Miller's research?
7 items plus or minus 2
ExplanationGeorge A. Miller's research suggests short-term memory holds 7 ± 2 items.
#5
What term describes the process of transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory?
Consolidation
ExplanationConsolidation: transferring information from short-term to long-term memory.
#6
Which type of memory is associated with the conscious recall of personal experiences and events?
Episodic memory
ExplanationEpisodic memory involves conscious recall of personal experiences.
#7
What is the term for the phenomenon where existing memories can interfere with the formation of new memories?
Proactive interference
ExplanationProactive interference: old memories hinder formation of new ones.
#8
Which phenomenon refers to the tendency to remember the first items in a list more effectively than those in the middle?
Primacy effect
ExplanationPrimacy effect: better recall of first items in a list.
#9
Who proposed the concept of working memory, which includes the phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, and central executive?
Alan Baddeley
ExplanationAlan Baddeley proposed working memory with its components.
#10
Which brain structure plays a crucial role in the consolidation of long-term memories?
Hippocampus
ExplanationHippocampus is vital for long-term memory consolidation.
#11
Which neurotransmitter is heavily involved in the formation of new memories?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationAcetylcholine plays a significant role in forming new memories.
#12
Who proposed the concept of flashbulb memories, which are highly detailed and vivid memories of significant events?
Roger Brown and James Kulik
ExplanationRoger Brown and James Kulik proposed flashbulb memories.