#1
Which of the following is NOT a stage of memory processing?
Exclusion
ExplanationExclusion is not a stage; memory processing involves encoding, storage, and retrieval.
#2
What type of memory is responsible for temporarily holding information while it is being processed?
Short-term memory
ExplanationShort-term memory temporarily holds information for immediate processing.
#3
Which model of memory suggests that information flows through a series of separate stages of memory?
Modal Model of Memory
ExplanationThe Modal Model of Memory suggests information flows through distinct stages.
#4
The process of converting sensory input into a form that is usable in the brain's storage systems is known as:
Encoding
ExplanationEncoding is the process of converting sensory input into a usable form for storage.
#5
What term describes the tendency to recall the first items in a list more easily than the middle items?
Primacy effect
ExplanationThe Primacy Effect refers to the tendency to recall first items in a list more easily.
#6
Which brain structure is primarily responsible for the consolidation of long-term memories?
Hippocampus
ExplanationThe Hippocampus is primarily responsible for the consolidation of long-term memories.
#7
In the context of memory, what does the term 'retrieval cue' refer to?
Cues or stimuli that help trigger the retrieval of information from memory
ExplanationRetrieval cues are stimuli that aid in the retrieval of information stored in memory.
#8
Which of the following best describes 'chunking' in the context of memory?
Breaking down large amounts of information into smaller, manageable units
ExplanationChunking involves breaking large amounts of information into smaller, manageable units for easier recall.
#9
What term refers to the phenomenon where recalling an event may become distorted by information encountered after the event occurred?
Misinformation effect
ExplanationThe Misinformation Effect is when recalling an event is influenced by post-event information.
#10
In the context of memory, what is meant by the term 'flashbulb memory'?
A vivid and detailed memory of an emotionally significant event
ExplanationFlashbulb memory refers to vivid recollection of emotionally significant events.
#11
Which theory suggests that memory is a constructive process influenced by various factors such as expectations, experiences, and schemas?
Constructive memory theory
ExplanationConstructive Memory Theory suggests memory is influenced by various factors and is a reconstructive process.
#12
Which neurotransmitter is heavily involved in the processes of learning and memory?
Acetylcholine
ExplanationAcetylcholine plays a significant role in learning and memory processes.