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Medical Terminology - Urinary System and Renal Health Quiz

#1

Which of the following is not a component of the urinary system?

Liver
Explanation

The liver is part of the digestive system, not the urinary system.

#2

Which of the following substances is primarily responsible for the formation of kidney stones?

Calcium
Explanation

Calcium is a major component of kidney stones.

#3

What is the medical term for inflammation of the bladder?

Cystitis
Explanation

Cystitis is the medical term for bladder inflammation.

#4

Which of the following substances is primarily responsible for urine color?

Urobilin
Explanation

Urobilin contributes to the color of urine.

#5

Which of the following terms refers to the surgical incision into the kidney to remove a stone?

Lithotomy
Explanation

Lithotomy involves incision into the kidney to remove a stone.

#6

What is the medical term for the presence of pus in the urine?

Pyuria
Explanation

Pyuria indicates the presence of pus in urine.

#7

Which of the following hormones is responsible for the regulation of blood pressure by the kidneys?

Aldosterone
Explanation

Aldosterone regulates blood pressure via kidney function.

#8

What is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration?

Glomerulus
Explanation

The glomerulus is where blood filtration occurs in the kidney.

#9

What hormone regulates the reabsorption of water in the kidneys?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Explanation

ADH controls water retention in the kidneys.

#10

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the presence of blood in the urine?

Hematuria
Explanation

Hematuria refers to blood in the urine.

#11

What term refers to the inability to control urination?

Enuresis
Explanation

Enuresis is the inability to control urination.

#12

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the formation of cysts in the kidneys?

Polycystic kidney disease
Explanation

Polycystic kidney disease causes cyst formation in the kidneys.

#13

What is the medical term for the condition characterized by excessive thirst?

Polydipsia
Explanation

Polydipsia refers to excessive thirst.

#14

Which of the following structures connects the kidneys to the bladder?

Ureter
Explanation

The ureter connects kidneys to the bladder.

#15

What is the medical term for the surgical removal of a kidney?

Nephrectomy
Explanation

Nephrectomy is the removal of a kidney.

#16

What is the medical term for the surgical procedure to create an artificial opening from the renal pelvis to the exterior of the body?

Nephrostomy
Explanation

Nephrostomy involves creating an opening from the renal pelvis to the exterior.

#17

Which of the following tests is used to measure kidney function by assessing the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Creatinine clearance test
Explanation

The creatinine clearance test measures GFR, indicating kidney function.

#18

What term refers to the process of removing waste products from the blood when the kidneys fail?

Dialysis
Explanation

Dialysis removes waste when kidneys fail to function.

#19

Which of the following diagnostic imaging techniques uses sound waves to create images of the kidneys?

Ultrasound
Explanation

Ultrasound utilizes sound waves for kidney imaging.

#20

Which of the following substances is commonly used as a contrast dye in imaging tests of the urinary system?

Iodine
Explanation

Iodine is often used as a contrast dye in urinary system imaging.

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