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Medical Terminology or Urinary System Disorders Quiz

#1

What is the primary function of the urinary system?

Filtration and excretion of waste products
Explanation

Removal of waste from the blood via filtration and excretion.

#2

Which of the following organs is not a part of the urinary system?

Pancreas
Explanation

The pancreas is part of the digestive system, not the urinary system.

#3

Which hormone stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow?

Erythropoietin
Explanation

Hormone essential for red blood cell formation.

#4

What is the function of the urethra in the urinary system?

Transportation of urine from the bladder to the outside of the body
Explanation

Conducts urine from the bladder to outside the body.

#5

Which term refers to the involuntary loss of urine?

Enuresis
Explanation

Involuntary urination, often during sleep.

#6

What is the medical term for the inflammation of the urinary bladder?

Cystitis
Explanation

Inflammation of the bladder often caused by infection.

#7

Which hormone regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Explanation

Controls water balance by reducing urine production.

#8

Which part of the nephron is responsible for the filtration of blood in the kidneys?

Glomerulus
Explanation

Network of capillaries where blood filtration occurs.

#9

What is the common term for the surgical removal of a kidney?

Nephrectomy
Explanation

Surgical procedure to remove a diseased kidney.

#10

What is the medical term for the excessive production of urine?

Polyuria
Explanation

Abnormally large urine output.

#11

What is the medical term for the presence of blood in the urine?

Hematuria
Explanation

Blood in the urine, indicating possible kidney or bladder issues.

#12

Which condition is characterized by the formation of kidney stones?

Renal colic
Explanation

Pain due to kidney stones blocking urinary flow.

#13

What is the medical term for painful or difficult urination?

Dysuria
Explanation

Discomfort or pain during urination.

#14

What is the primary function of the loop of Henle in the nephron?

Reabsorption of water and salts
Explanation

Regulates water and salt balance in the body.

#15

Which condition is characterized by the presence of pus in the urine?

Pyuria
Explanation

Indication of infection or inflammation in the urinary tract.

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