#1
What does the term 'dyspnea' refer to in medical terminology?
Difficulty breathing
ExplanationDifficulty in breathing, often described as shortness of breath.
#2
Which of the following is not a part of the respiratory system?
Liver
ExplanationThe liver is not part of the respiratory system; it is an organ of the digestive system.
#3
What is the medical term for the windpipe?
Trachea
ExplanationThe trachea is a tube-like structure that connects the throat to the lungs, allowing air to pass through.
#4
What is the term for the process of breathing out or expelling air from the lungs?
Expiration
ExplanationThe process of exhaling air from the lungs, typically following inhalation.
#5
What is the primary function of the epiglottis in the respiratory system?
Prevents food from entering the trachea
ExplanationA flap-like structure in the throat that covers the trachea during swallowing, preventing food and liquids from entering the airway.
#6
What is the medical term for the membrane surrounding the lungs?
Pleura
ExplanationThe thin membrane that covers the lungs and lines the chest cavity, providing a lubricated surface for smooth breathing.
#7
What is the medical term for inflammation of the bronchial tubes?
Bronchitis
ExplanationInflammation of the bronchial tubes, often resulting in coughing and difficulty breathing.
#8
What does the abbreviation COPD stand for in the context of respiratory health?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
ExplanationA group of lung diseases characterized by obstruction to airflow that interferes with normal breathing.
#9
What is the function of surfactant in the lungs?
Facilitates lung expansion and prevents collapse
ExplanationA substance produced by the lungs that reduces surface tension, allowing the lungs to expand easily during inhalation and preventing collapse during exhalation.
#10
Which condition is characterized by the enlargement of air sacs in the lungs, causing breathing difficulties?
Emphysema
ExplanationA lung condition where the air sacs in the lungs are damaged and enlarged, leading to difficulty in breathing.
#11
Which respiratory disorder is characterized by the narrowing of the airways, leading to wheezing and difficulty breathing?
Asthma
ExplanationA chronic lung condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, causing symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing.
#12
What does the term 'hemoptysis' refer to in medical terminology?
Coughing up blood
ExplanationThe medical term for coughing up blood, often originating from the respiratory tract.
#13
Which term refers to the surgical removal of a lung?
Pneumonectomy
ExplanationSurgical removal of all or part of a lung, often performed to treat lung cancer or severe lung diseases.
#14
In the acronym ARDS, commonly associated with severe respiratory distress, what does the letter 'R' stand for?
Respiratory
ExplanationAcute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, a severe lung condition characterized by fluid buildup in the air sacs, leading to low oxygen levels in the blood.
#15
Which of the following conditions is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity, leading to compression of the lungs?
Pleural effusion
ExplanationA condition where fluid accumulates in the space between the lungs and chest wall, exerting pressure on the lungs and impairing their function.
#16
In the context of respiratory health, what does the term 'auscultation' refer to?
Listening to breath sounds with a stethoscope
ExplanationA diagnostic technique involving listening to sounds within the body, typically using a stethoscope, to assess respiratory and cardiac health.
#17
In the acronym SARS, which caused a global respiratory outbreak in 2002-2003, what does the letter 'S' stand for?
Severe
ExplanationSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome, a contagious respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus, characterized by fever, cough, and difficulty breathing.