#1
Which of the following is an example of a nominal scale?
Colors of cars (e.g., red, blue, green)
ExplanationCategories with no inherent order
#2
What is the key characteristic of a ratio scale?
True zero point
ExplanationPresence of a true zero point
#3
In measurement scales, what does the term 'mutually exclusive' mean?
Categories are distinct and do not overlap
ExplanationDistinct and non-overlapping categories
#4
What is the key feature of a nominal scale?
Categories with no inherent order
ExplanationNo inherent order in categories
#5
In survey research, what is a potential disadvantage of using open-ended questions?
Difficulty in data analysis
ExplanationDifficulty in data analysis
#6
What is the primary characteristic of an ordinal scale?
Ordered categories with no fixed intervals
ExplanationOrdered categories with no fixed intervals
#7
Which type of validity involves comparing a test to other measures that assess the same construct?
Criterion-related validity
ExplanationComparing a test to other measures assessing the same construct
#8
Which measurement scale allows for ranking and equal intervals but lacks a true zero point?
Interval scale
ExplanationRanking and equal intervals without a true zero point
#9
What is the primary limitation of using a ratio scale?
Absence of a true zero point
ExplanationAbsence of a true zero point
#10
Which of the following is an example of a ratio scale?
Income in dollars
ExplanationMeasuring with a true zero point
#11
What is the main advantage of using an interval scale over an ordinal scale?
It has equal intervals
ExplanationEqual intervals
#12
In research, what does internal validity refer to?
The degree to which the study eliminates alternative explanations for the observed relationship
ExplanationElimination of alternative explanations for the observed relationship
#13
What is the purpose of a Likert scale in survey research?
To measure interval data
ExplanationMeasuring interval data
#14
Which type of validity focuses on whether a measurement accurately represents the entire domain it is supposed to cover?
Content validity
ExplanationMeasurement accurately representing the entire domain
#15
In experimental research, what is the purpose of random assignment?
To eliminate confounding variables
ExplanationEliminating confounding variables
#16
In survey research, what does response bias refer to?
Participants' reluctance to respond truthfully
ExplanationReluctance to respond truthfully
#17
What is the primary purpose of a pilot study in research?
To assess the feasibility of the main study
ExplanationAssessing feasibility of the main study