#1
Which hormone is responsible for initiating labor?
Oxytocin
ExplanationOxytocin initiates uterine contractions, leading to labor.
#2
What is the most common position for fetal presentation during labor?
Vertex
ExplanationVertex presentation means the baby's head is down, ready for birth.
#3
What is the ideal temperature range for a newborn immediately after birth?
36.5°C - 37.5°C
ExplanationThis temperature range is optimal for newborns to maintain homeostasis after birth.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a component of the 'four Ts' used to assess postpartum hemorrhage?
Tears
ExplanationThe 'four Ts' include Tone, Tissue, Trauma, and Thrombin but not Tears.
#5
What is the purpose of performing a cervical exam during labor?
To determine cervical dilation
ExplanationCervical exams assess how much the cervix has dilated during labor.
#6
Which hormone is responsible for milk production in the breasts postpartum?
Prolactin
ExplanationProlactin stimulates milk production in the breasts after childbirth.
#7
Which stage of labor involves the delivery of the placenta?
Third stage
ExplanationThe third stage involves the expulsion of the placenta after the baby's birth.
#8
What is the Apgar score typically used to assess in newborns?
All of the above
ExplanationThe Apgar score assesses newborns' appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration.
#9
What is the recommended position for the mother during labor to facilitate fetal descent?
Left lateral
ExplanationLying on the left side helps optimize blood flow to the baby during labor.
#10
Which medication is commonly administered to induce or augment labor?
Oxytocin
ExplanationOxytocin is often used to stimulate uterine contractions and progress labor.
#11
Which of the following is a non-pharmacological method for pain management during labor?
Breathing techniques
ExplanationBreathing techniques assist in managing labor pain without medication.
#12
What is the average duration of the first stage of labor in primigravid women?
8-10 hours
ExplanationFirst stage labor lasts around 8-10 hours for first-time mothers.
#13
Which maneuver is used to resolve shoulder dystocia during delivery?
McRoberts maneuver
ExplanationThe McRoberts maneuver involves hyperflexing the mother's legs to ease shoulder dystocia.
#14
Which fetal presentation carries the highest risk of complications during vaginal delivery?
Breech
ExplanationBreech presentation, where the baby's buttocks or feet come first, increases delivery risks.
#15
What is the purpose of administering Vitamin K to newborns shortly after birth?
To prevent bleeding disorders
ExplanationVitamin K injection helps prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
#16
Which fetal heart rate pattern is concerning during labor and may indicate fetal distress?
Late decelerations
ExplanationLate decelerations suggest compromised fetal oxygenation during contractions.
#17
Which maneuver is used to assist with delivery of the fetal shoulders during childbirth?
Rubin maneuver
ExplanationThe Rubin maneuver helps rotate the baby's shoulders to facilitate delivery.
#18
Which fetal heart rate pattern may occur due to cord compression or other factors affecting fetal oxygenation?
Variable decelerations
ExplanationVariable decelerations in fetal heart rate can result from various factors, including cord compression.