#1
What is market equilibrium?
When supply equals demand
ExplanationBalanced state where supply matches demand.
#2
What happens to price and quantity when there is excess demand in a market?
Price increases, quantity decreases
ExplanationPrices rise as demand surpasses supply, leading to reduced availability.
#3
What is the law of demand?
As price increases, quantity demanded decreases
ExplanationConsumers buy less as prices rise due to substitution and income effects.
#4
What does the supply curve represent?
The relationship between price and quantity supplied
ExplanationIllustrates the quantity of a good producers are willing to supply at various prices.
#5
What is a subsidy?
A payment made by the government to producers
ExplanationFinancial support given to producers to encourage production or reduce costs.
#6
What is the relationship between price and quantity supplied?
Directly proportional
ExplanationAs price rises, the quantity supplied increases and vice versa.
#7
What is the effect of an increase in demand on equilibrium price and quantity?
Price and quantity both increase
ExplanationPrices and quantities rise to meet higher demand levels.
#8
What is a price floor?
A government-imposed minimum price
ExplanationLegally set floor restricting prices from falling below a certain level.
#9
How does a technological advancement affect market equilibrium?
Increases supply, decreases price
ExplanationEnhances productivity leading to more supply and lower prices.
#10
What is a perfectly elastic demand curve?
A demand curve that is horizontal
ExplanationQuantity demanded changes infinitely with any change in price.
#11
What factors can cause a shift in the demand curve?
All of the above
ExplanationVarious factors including income changes, preferences, and expectations.
#12
What is elasticity of demand?
A measure of how much quantity demanded changes with a change in price
ExplanationQuantifies the sensitivity of quantity demanded to price changes.
#13
What is a price ceiling?
A government-imposed maximum price
ExplanationLegally set upper limit on prices, often to protect consumers.
#14
What is the difference between a change in quantity demanded and a change in demand?
A change in quantity demanded is caused by a change in price, while a change in demand is caused by a factor other than price
ExplanationChange in quantity demanded due to price change; change in demand due to other factors.
#15
What is a luxury good?
A good for which demand decreases as income increases
ExplanationItems for which demand decreases as consumer income rises.