#1
Which of the following is a common symptom of urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Frequent urination
ExplanationUTI commonly presents with frequent urination.
#2
Which imaging technique is commonly used to visualize the urinary system and diagnose disorders like kidney stones?
CT scan
ExplanationCT scan is commonly used to visualize the urinary system and detect disorders such as kidney stones.
#3
What is the term for the formation of stones in the urinary system, often composed of calcium, oxalate, and other substances?
Urolithiasis
ExplanationUrolithiasis refers to the formation of stones in the urinary system.
#4
Which of the following is a common symptom of diabetes-related kidney disease?
Polyuria (excessive urination)
ExplanationPolyuria, or excessive urination, is a common symptom of diabetes-related kidney disease.
#5
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow and is often deficient in individuals with chronic kidney disease?
Erythropoietin
ExplanationErythropoietin stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow and is often deficient in individuals with chronic kidney disease.
#6
What is the primary function of the kidneys in the urinary system?
Filter blood and remove waste products
ExplanationThe kidneys filter blood and remove waste products from the body.
#7
Which medication is commonly used to treat overactive bladder?
Oxybutynin
ExplanationOxybutynin is commonly prescribed for overactive bladder.
#8
What is the primary function of the urethra in the urinary system?
Transport urine from the bladder to the outside of the body
ExplanationThe urethra transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
#9
Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of the bladder, often causing pain and a frequent urge to urinate?
Interstitial cystitis
ExplanationInterstitial cystitis is characterized by bladder inflammation, leading to pain and frequent urination.
#10
Which of the following is a common symptom of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
Hypertension
ExplanationHypertension is a common symptom of chronic kidney disease.
#11
What is the role of the detrusor muscle in the urinary system?
Contracts to expel urine from the bladder
ExplanationThe detrusor muscle contracts to expel urine from the bladder.
#12
What is the term for the involuntary loss of urine that occurs during activities like coughing or sneezing?
Urinary incontinence
ExplanationUrinary incontinence refers to the involuntary loss of urine during activities like coughing or sneezing.
#13
In the context of urinary disorders, what does BPH stand for?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
ExplanationBPH stands for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, a common urinary disorder.
#14
What is the term for the surgical removal of all or part of the prostate gland?
Prostatectomy
ExplanationProstatectomy refers to the surgical removal of all or part of the prostate gland.
#15
Which hormone plays a crucial role in the regulation of water and electrolyte balance by the kidneys?
Aldosterone
ExplanationAldosterone plays a crucial role in regulating water and electrolyte balance by the kidneys.
#16
Which medication is commonly prescribed to treat hypertension and reduce the risk of kidney damage?
Losartan
ExplanationLosartan is commonly prescribed to treat hypertension and reduce the risk of kidney damage.
#17
In the context of urinary disorders, what does the acronym UTI stand for?
Urinary Tract Infection
ExplanationUTI stands for Urinary Tract Infection, a common urinary disorder.