#1
Which theorist proposed the psychosocial stages of development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson proposed the psychosocial stages of development emphasizing social and psychological growth.
#2
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which stage occurs during infancy?
Sensorimotor stage
ExplanationPiaget's sensorimotor stage occurs during infancy, focusing on sensory experiences and motor actions.
#3
Who proposed the theory of psychosocial development that focuses on the eight stages of human life?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson proposed the theory of psychosocial development, emphasizing eight stages of human life involving social and psychological challenges.
#4
Which theorist is associated with the theory of moral development based on the stages of moral reasoning?
Lawrence Kohlberg
ExplanationLawrence Kohlberg is associated with the theory of moral development, which delineates stages of moral reasoning.
#5
Which developmental theory emphasizes the importance of social interactions and culture in shaping development?
Sociocultural theory
ExplanationSociocultural theory emphasizes social interactions and cultural influences on development, as proposed by Vygotsky.
#6
In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which level is characterized by the belief in following rules to maintain social order?
Conventional level
ExplanationKohlberg's conventional level in moral development involves conforming to societal norms for maintaining social order.
#7
Which theorist proposed the ecological systems theory of development?
Urie Bronfenbrenner
ExplanationUrie Bronfenbrenner proposed the ecological systems theory, highlighting the influence of various environmental systems on development.
#8
According to Freud's psychosexual theory, which stage occurs during the age range of 3 to 6 years?
Phallic stage
ExplanationFreud's phallic stage, occurring between 3 to 6 years, focuses on sexual identity and the Oedipus complex.
#9
What is the term for the process by which unused connections in the brain atrophy and die?
Pruning
ExplanationPruning refers to the process of eliminating unused neural connections in the brain, optimizing its efficiency.
#10
What is the term used to describe the ability to understand and regulate one's own emotions?
Emotional intelligence
ExplanationEmotional intelligence refers to the capacity to comprehend and manage one's emotions effectively.
#11
According to Erikson, what is the primary psychosocial crisis experienced during adolescence?
Identity vs. role confusion
ExplanationErikson identified identity vs. role confusion as the primary psychosocial crisis during adolescence, involving self-identity exploration.
#12
According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, what is the concept referring to the gap between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance?
Zone of proximal development
ExplanationVygotsky's zone of proximal development represents the gap between a learner's current abilities and their potential with assistance, guiding learning.
#13
Which theory suggests that development occurs in discontinuous stages with each stage marked by qualitatively distinct changes?
Discontinuous development theory
ExplanationDiscontinuous development theory proposes that development progresses through distinct stages, each with significant qualitative changes.
#14
Which developmental theorist proposed the hierarchy of needs, suggesting that individuals are motivated to fulfill basic needs before advancing to higher-level needs?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow proposed the hierarchy of needs, asserting that individuals prioritize fulfilling basic needs before addressing higher-level needs.
#15
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, which stage of moral reasoning is characterized by adherence to societal norms and laws?
Conventional morality
ExplanationLawrence Kohlberg identified conventional morality as a stage of moral reasoning characterized by conformity to societal norms and laws for maintaining social order.
#16
What term describes the process through which individuals adapt and adjust to changes in their environment?
Adaptation
ExplanationAdaptation refers to the process of individuals adjusting to changes in their environment through assimilation and accommodation.